Fiber-Coupled GAGG_Ce X-ray Detector for High-Resolution Imaging

Kang An; Wenfang Li; Xiaojiao Duan; Shilin Wu; Rifeng Zhou; Jue Wang

doi:10.3788/AOS202242.0111001

Acta Optica Sinica, Volume. 42, Issue 1, 0111001(2022)

Fiber-Coupled GAGG_Ce X-ray Detector for High-Resolution Imaging

Kang An^1,2, Wenfang Li^1,2, Xiaojiao Duan^1,2, Shilin Wu^1,2, Rifeng Zhou^1,2, and Jue Wang^1,2、*

¹Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and System, Ministry of Education, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China

²Engineering Research Center of Industrial CT Nondestructive Testing of Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400044, China

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Figures & Tables(18)

Fig. 1. Schematic diagram of signal crosstalk in scintillation screen. (a) Schematic diagram of X-ray scattering crosstalk and fluorescence crosstalk; (b) response distribution of CCD pixel to fluorescence

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Fig. 2. Simulation model of X-ray scattering

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Fig. 3. Simulation results of X-ray scattering. (a) X-ray absorbed dose distribution in the 1st layer of scintillation screen; (b) ray scattering crosstalk rate curves of central row pixels in the 1st, 25th, and 50th layers of scintillation screen

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Fig. 4. Simulation model of fluorescence crosstalk

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Fig. 5. Simulation results of fluorescence crosstalk. (a) CCD absorption distribution of fluorescence of central voxel in the 1st layer of scintillation screen; (b) fluorescence crosstalk rate curves of central row pixels of the 1st, 25th, and 50th layers in scintillation screen

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Fig. 6. Effect of numerical aperture of optical fiber panel on spatial resolution of scintillation screen. (a) NA=1.0; (b) NA=0.6; (c) NA=0.2

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Fig. 7. X-ray radiation imaging test platform

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Fig. 8. Main components of CCD detector. (a) Fiber optic panel with NA=1; (b) KAF-8300 image sensor; (c) GAGG_Ce scintillator; (d) optical panel with NA=0.2

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Fig. 9. Physical image of component coupling. (a) Before adding low numerical aperture fiber; (b) after adding low numerical aperture fiber

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Fig. 10. Physical image of spatial resolution test sample. (a) Double-filament image quality indicator; (b) razor blade

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Fig. 11. Spatial resolution results measured by double-filament image quality indicator method. (a)(b) Before adding low numerical aperture fiber; (c)(d) after adding low numerical aperture fiber

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Fig. 12. Spatial resolution results measured by knife-edge method. (a)(b) Before adding low numerical aperture fiber; (c)(d) after adding low numerical aperture fiber

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Table 1. Main parameters for Monte Carlo simulation

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Table 1. Main parameters for Monte Carlo simulation

Parameter	Value
Type of scintillator	GAGG_Ce(Gd₃Al₂Ga₃O₁₂∶Ge)
Density of scintillator /(g·cm^-3)	6.63
Size of scintillator /(μm×μm×μm)	110×110×500
Number of particles tracked	1×10⁷
Size of single element /(μm×μm×μm)	10×10×10
X-ray energy /keV	20~100
Cross section size of incident ray /(μm×μm)	10×10

Table 2. Scattering crosstalk rate of maximal absorbed dose voxel to its adjacent voxels
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Table 2. Scattering crosstalk rate of maximal absorbed dose voxel to its adjacent voxels
X-ray energy /keV Crosstalk rate in the 1st layer /% Crosstalk rate in the 25th layer /% Crosstalk rate in the 50th layer /%
20 0.69 1.05
40 3.80 4.13 4.05
60 3.96 4.92 4.20
80 6.09 7.12 6.45
100 10.21 11.59 10.49

Table 3. Main parameters for fluorescence crosstalk simulation

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Table 3. Main parameters for fluorescence crosstalk simulation

Parameter	Value
Size of luminous body /(μm×μm×μm)	10×10×10
Size of scintillator /(μm×μm×μm)	2000×2000×500
Power of luminous body /W	1
Refractive index of GAGG_Ce	1.91
Refractive index of coupling agent	1.43
Thickness of coupling agent /μm	3
Numerical aperture of optical fiber	1.43
Number of particles tracked	1×10⁷

Table 4. Crosstalk rate of fluorescence of central voxel to adjacent pixels
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Table 4. Crosstalk rate of fluorescence of central voxel to adjacent pixels
Location of luminous body Crosstalk rate /%
1st layer 98.67
25th layer 97.04
50th layer 25.92

Table 5. X-ray conversion factors under different numerical apertures of optical fiber panels
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Table 5. X-ray conversion factors under different numerical apertures of optical fiber panels
NA E_X /keV
20 40 60 80 100
0.2 0.57 0.32 0.38 0.32 0.25
0.6 5.39 3.02 3.62 3.03 2.37
1.0 12.07 6.77 8.10 6.79 5.31

Table 6. Comparison of spatial resolution results obtained by simulation and experiment
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Table 6. Comparison of spatial resolution results obtained by simulation and experiment
NA Spatial resolution /(lp·mm^-1)
Simulation Experiment
1.0 25 17
0.2 50 62

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Kang An, Wenfang Li, Xiaojiao Duan, Shilin Wu, Rifeng Zhou, Jue Wang. Fiber-Coupled GAGG_Ce X-ray Detector for High-Resolution Imaging[J]. Acta Optica Sinica, 2022, 42(1): 0111001

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Paper Information

Category: Imaging Systems

Received: Jun. 28, 2021

Accepted: Jul. 19, 2021

Published Online: Dec. 22, 2021

The Author Email: Wang Jue (wangjue@cqu.edu.cn)

DOI:10.3788/AOS202242.0111001

Topics

laser devices and laser physics

Lasers and Laser Optics

Laser physics

laser manufacturing

Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology

Table 1. Main parameters for Monte Carlo simulation

Table 1. Main parameters for Monte Carlo simulation

Table 2. Scattering crosstalk rate of maximal absorbed dose voxel to its adjacent voxels

Table 2. Scattering crosstalk rate of maximal absorbed dose voxel to its adjacent voxels

Table 3. Main parameters for fluorescence crosstalk simulation

Table 3. Main parameters for fluorescence crosstalk simulation

Table 4. Crosstalk rate of fluorescence of central voxel to adjacent pixels

Table 4. Crosstalk rate of fluorescence of central voxel to adjacent pixels

Table 5. X-ray conversion factors under different numerical apertures of optical fiber panels

Table 5. X-ray conversion factors under different numerical apertures of optical fiber panels

Table 6. Comparison of spatial resolution results obtained by simulation and experiment

Table 6. Comparison of spatial resolution results obtained by simulation and experiment