Chinese Optics, Volume. 18, Issue 2, 307(2025)
Determination of rare earth elements in liquid-phase samples by superhydrophobic array-assisted spark-discharge LIBS
Fig. 2. Typical rare-earth LIBS spectra enhanced using a combination of superhydrophobic arrays and spark-discharge
Fig. 3. (a) Preparation and experimental process of superhydrophobic array substrate; (b) concentration process and contact angle of liquid-phase rare earth elements on hydrophilic regions of superhydrophobic arrays; (c) liquid-phase rare earth droplets and enriched regions after drying on a slides (top) and superhydrophobic arrays (bottom)
Fig. 4. Spectral intensities (a) and RSD (b) using slides and SHA substrate
Fig. 5. Spectral intensities (a) and RSD (b) under the use of SHA-LIBS and SHA-SD-LIBS
Fig. 6. Calibration curves for six rare earth elements (La, Er, Ce, Nd, Gd, Pr) under slide, SHA-LIBS, and SHA-SD-LIBS, with error bars reflecting the standard deviation of 10 spectra
Table 1. Concentration of each rare earth element in standard solution (μg/mL)
View tableView in ArticleTable 1. Concentration of each rare earth element in standard solution (μg/mL)
Sample No. La Er Ce Nd Gd Pr 1 0.1 1.5 0.6 0.75 1.0 0.1 2 0.2 2 0.7 1.0 1.5 0.2 3 0.3 2.5 0.8 1.25 2 0.3 4 0.4 3 0.9 1.5 2.5 0.4 5 0.5 3.5 1.0 1.75 3 0.5 6 0.6 4 1.1 2 3.5 0.6
Table 2. Mean relative standard deviation (ARSD) and limit of detection (LOD) of rare earth elements determined using different methods
View tableView in ArticleTable 2. Mean relative standard deviation (ARSD) and limit of detection (LOD) of rare earth elements determined using different methods
Element ARSD（%） LOD（μg/mL） SHA-SD- LIBS SHA- LIBS LIBS SHA-SD- LIBS SHA- LIBS LIBS La 3.83 4.22 9.82 0.007 0.013 0.079 Er 4.47 5.23 10.33 0.045 0.065 0.697 Ce 4.29 4.47 11.38 0.011 0.015 0.398 Nd 4.31 4.37 9.74 0.019 0.029 0.608 Gd 4.87 4.93 10.74 0.041 0.053 0.755 Pr 4.18 4.32 9.71 0.008 0.013 0.079
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Xin-jian SHEN, Zi-xun LUO, Jian WU, Bin LI, Yan-de LIU, Nan CHEN. Determination of rare earth elements in liquid-phase samples by superhydrophobic array-assisted spark-discharge LIBS[J]. Chinese Optics, 2025, 18(2): 307
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Received: Jun. 5, 2024
Accepted: --
Published Online: May. 19, 2025
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