Multilayer black phosphorus as saturable absorber for an Er:Lu2O3 laser at ～3 μm

Mingqi Fan; Tao Li; Shengzhi Zhao; Guiqiu Li; Xiaochun Gao; Kejian Yang; Dechun Li; Christian Kr?nke

doi:10.1364/prj.4.000181

Photonics Research, Volume. 4, Issue 5, 0181(2016)

Multilayer black phosphorus as saturable absorber for an Er:Lu2O3 laser at ～3 μm

Mingqi Fan¹, Tao Li^1、*, Shengzhi Zhao¹, Guiqiu Li¹, Xiaochun Gao², Kejian Yang¹, Dechun Li¹, and Christian Kr?nke^3,4,5

Author Affiliations

¹School of Information Science and Engineering, and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Technology and Application, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China

²Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of State Education Ministry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China

³Institut für Laser-Physik, Universit?t Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany

⁴Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Universit?t Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany

⁵e-mail: kraenkel@physnet.uni?hamburg.de

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Figures & Tables(8)

Fig. 1. TEM images of BP nanoplatelets exfoliated in (a) IPA (BP-IPA) and (b) EtOH solution (BP-EtOH), (c) Raman spectra of the nanoplatelets in comparison to bulk BP.

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Fig. 2. AFM images and typical height profiles: (a) BP-IPA and (b) BP-EtOH samples.

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Fig. 3. (a) FT-IR absorption spectrum of a BP-EtOH test sample on a 40 mm×20 mm YAG plate; (b) and (c) depict the nonlinear transmission of BP-IPA and BP-EtOH SAs.

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Fig. 4. Schematic diagram of the Q-switched Er:Lu2O3 laser and the BP-IPA SA (inset).

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Fig. 5. Average output power of the Q-switched Er:Lu2O3 laser using BP-SA; insets (a) and (c) display the output laser spectra, and insets (b) and (d) describe the output fluctuations versus time.

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Fig. 6. Top: pulse repetition rate and pulse duration versus absorbed pump power for different output coupler transmissions, bottom: temporal traces of Q-switched pulse train utilizing BP-IPA SA at T=3%.

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Fig. 7. Evolutions of the single pulse energy and peak power as increasing absorbed pump power for different output coupler transmissions.

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Table 1. Comparison of 3 μm Lasers Q-Switched with 2D-SAs

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Table 1. Comparison of 3 μm Lasers Q-Switched with 2D-SAs

Type of SA	Graphene	${Bi}_{2} {Te}_{3}$	BP-SAM	BP Gold-Film Mirror	${MoS}_{2}$	BP-IPA	BP-EtOH
Gain medium	${Er}^{3 +}$ -fiber	${Ho}^{3 +}$ -fiber	${Er}^{3 +}$ -fiber	$Er : Y_{2} O_{3}$ ceramic	$Er : {Lu}_{2} O_{3}$ crystal	$Er : {Lu}_{2} O_{3}$ crystal	$Er : {Lu}_{2} O_{3}$ crystal
Wavelength (μm)	2.78	2.98	2.78	2.72	2.84	2.84	2.84
Max. output power (mW)	62	327.4	485	6	1030	755	489
Max. repetition rate (kHz)	37	82	63	12.6	121	107	92
Shortest pulse duration (μs)	2.9	1.37	1.18	4.47	0.335	0.359	0.439
Reference	[34]	[35]	[16]	[18]	[24]	This work	This work

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Mingqi Fan, Tao Li, Shengzhi Zhao, Guiqiu Li, Xiaochun Gao, Kejian Yang, Dechun Li, Christian Kr?nke, "Multilayer black phosphorus as saturable absorber for an Er:Lu2O3 laser at ～3 μm," Photonics Res. 4, 0181 (2016)

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Paper Information

Special Issue: OPTICAL VORTICES AND VECTOR BEAMS

Received: Jun. 24, 2016

Accepted: Jul. 20, 2016

Published Online: Nov. 23, 2016

The Author Email: Tao Li (litao@sdu.edu.cn)

DOI:10.1364/prj.4.000181

Topics

laser devices and laser physics

Lasers and Laser Optics

Laser physics

laser manufacturing

Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology