Journals Articles Conferences News About CLP
Submit a paper Email Alert
Search
Search
Articles
Journals
News
Advanced Search
Top Searches
2D MaterialsTransformation opticsQuantum PhotonicsSmall lasersSemiconductor UV PhotonicsSupersymmetric microring laser arrays

Chinese Journal of Lasers, Volume. 51, Issue 8, 0804002(2024)

Atmospheric Wave‑Front Aberration Detection Using Sodium Laser Guide Star Under Strong Skylight Background

Xi Luo1,2、*, Xinyang Li1,2, Caixia Wang1, Xiaoyun Wang1, and Shijie Hu1
Author Affiliations
  • 1Key Laboratory on Adaptive Optics, Institute of Optics and Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610209, Sichuan , China
  • 2University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
    • show less
    AbstractGet PDF(in Chinese)
    Figures&Tables (15)
    Equations (0)
    References (17)
    Tools
    Paper Information
    Topics
    Figures & Tables(15)
    Schematic diagram of sodium laser guide star (LGS) center wavelength matched spectrum filtering for suppressing skylight background

    Fig. 1. Schematic diagram of sodium laser guide star (LGS) center wavelength matched spectrum filtering for suppressing skylight background

    Download full size
    Schematic diagram of sub-aperture field matched spatial filtering for suppressing skylight background

    Fig. 2. Schematic diagram of sub-aperture field matched spatial filtering for suppressing skylight background

    Download full size
    Sketch of sodium LGS launching and receiving with separated telescopes

    Fig. 3. Sketch of sodium LGS launching and receiving with separated telescopes

    Download full size
    Duration of the pulsed resonance sodium LGS scattered return-light ΔtNaE as a function of the observing elevation E

    Fig. 4. Duration of the pulsed resonance sodium LGS scattered return-light ΔtNaE as a function of the observing elevation E

    Download full size
    Suppression altitudes HFront‑EdgeE and HRear‑EdgeE of the Rayleigh scattered light generated from the front- or rear-edge of the sodium LGS laser pulse as a function of the observing elevation E

    Fig. 5. Suppression altitudes HFront‑EdgeE and HRear‑EdgeE of the Rayleigh scattered light generated from the front- or rear-edge of the sodium LGS laser pulse as a function of the observing elevation E

    Download full size
    Suppression duration of the Rayleigh scattered light from low altitudes ΔtRayleigh‑StopE as a function of the elevation E

    Fig. 6. Suppression duration of the Rayleigh scattered light from low altitudes ΔtRayleigh‑StopE as a function of the elevation E

    Download full size
    Experimental set-up schematic of atmospheric wave-front distortion detection using sodium LGS

    Fig. 7. Experimental set-up schematic of atmospheric wave-front distortion detection using sodium LGS

    Download full size
    Schematic layout of Hartmann-Shack (HS) wave-front sensor

    Fig. 8. Schematic layout of Hartmann-Shack (HS) wave-front sensor

    Download full size
    Schematic layout of the rotating mechanical shutter

    Fig. 9. Schematic layout of the rotating mechanical shutter

    Download full size
    Schematic diagram of external synchronized control for sodium LGS laser projection delay ΔtLaserE and HS wave-front CCD readout delay ΔtHS‐CCDE

    Fig. 10. Schematic diagram of external synchronized control for sodium LGS laser projection delay ΔtLaserE and HS wave-front CCD readout delay ΔtHS‐CCDE

    Download full size
    Typical experimental results of the atmospheric wave-front aberration detection with sodium LGS under strong skylight background by our proposed synthetic filtering technique. (a) Influence of strong skylight background on the atmospheric wave-front aberration detection with weak sodium LGS; (b) inhibitory effect on skylight background in sub-apertures of HS wave-front sensor by the spectrum filtering plus spatial filtering; (c) further inhibitory effect on skylight background in sub-apertures of HS wave-front sensor by the temporal filtering; (d) adaptive threshold processing in sub-apertures of HS wave-front sensor after the proposed synthetic filtering technique

    Fig. 11. Typical experimental results of the atmospheric wave-front aberration detection with sodium LGS under strong skylight background by our proposed synthetic filtering technique. (a) Influence of strong skylight background on the atmospheric wave-front aberration detection with weak sodium LGS; (b) inhibitory effect on skylight background in sub-apertures of HS wave-front sensor by the spectrum filtering plus spatial filtering; (c) further inhibitory effect on skylight background in sub-apertures of HS wave-front sensor by the temporal filtering; (d) adaptive threshold processing in sub-apertures of HS wave-front sensor after the proposed synthetic filtering technique

    Download full size
    Experimental results of SNR of the sodium LGS in sub-apertures of HS wave-front sensor after the proposed synthetic filtering technique

    Fig. 12. Experimental results of SNR of the sodium LGS in sub-apertures of HS wave-front sensor after the proposed synthetic filtering technique

    Download full size
    The 3rd‒35th Zernike variances of the atmospheric wave-front aberration reconstruction with sodium LGS

    Fig. 13. The 3rd‒35th Zernike variances of the atmospheric wave-front aberration reconstruction with sodium LGS

    Download full size

    • Table 1. Detection capability evaluation for the synthetic filtering technique

      View table

      Table 1. Detection capability evaluation for the synthetic filtering technique

      Input sourceBrightnessInput equivalent number of photons （numbers per sub-aperture per pixel per cycle）Input signal-to-noise ratioEquivalent number of photons after the synthetic filtering （numbers per sub-aperture per pixel per cycle）Signal-to-noise ratio after the synthetic filtering
      589 nm sodium LGS signal7.0 magnitude17.50.05616.53.0
      Skylight background interference12 W/（m2·sr）9.71×10414.2
      589 nm Rayleigh scattering interference3.3 magnitude

      Unable to eliminate completely

      in sub-apertures

      Eliminate completely

      in sub-apertures

    • Table 2. Detection capability evaluation for the sodium atom filtering technique

      View table

      Table 2. Detection capability evaluation for the sodium atom filtering technique

      Input sourceBrightnessInput equivalent number of photons （numbers per sub-aperture per pixel per cycle）Input signal-to-noise ratioEquivalent number of photons after the sodium atom filtering（numbers per sub-aperture per pixel per cycle）Signal-to-noise ratio after the sodium atom filtering
      589 nm sodium LGS signal7.0 magnitude17.50.0563.81.5
      Skylight background interference12 W/（m2·sr）9.71×1042.6
      589 nm Rayleigh scattering interference3.3 magnitude

      Unable to eliminate completely

      in sub-apertures

      Unable to eliminate completely

      in sub-apertures

    Tools

    Get Citation

    Copy Citation Text

    Xi Luo, Xinyang Li, Caixia Wang, Xiaoyun Wang, Shijie Hu. Atmospheric Wave‑Front Aberration Detection Using Sodium Laser Guide Star Under Strong Skylight Background[J]. Chinese Journal of Lasers, 2024, 51(8): 0804002

    Download Citation

    EndNote(RIS)BibTexPlain Text
    Set citation alerts for article
    Save article for my favorites
    Paper Information

    Category: Measurement and metrology

    Received: Jul. 17, 2023

    Accepted: Sep. 5, 2023

    Published Online: Mar. 29, 2024

    The Author Email: Luo Xi (luoxi@ioe.ac.cn)

    DOI:10.3788/CJL231028

    CSTR:32183.14.CJL231028

    Topics

    laser devices and laser physics
    Lasers and Laser Optics
    Laser physics
    laser manufacturing
    Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology