Fig. 1. Schematic diagram of polarization holography under an interference angle of 90°. (a) During the recording process, the signal wave interferes with the reference wave, and the information is stored in the recording medium. (b) During the reconstructing process, the medium is illuminated by the reading wave, and the reconstructed wave is generated when Bragg’s condition is satisfied.

Fig. 2. (a) Experimental optical system used to record and reconstruct three-dimensional patterns in two channels. Sig., the signal optical path; Ref., the reference/reading optical path; Rec., the reconstruction optical path; PBS, polarizing beam splitter; BS1-BS2, beam splitters; L1-L4, lenses (f1 = 150 mm); L5-L6, lenses (f2 = 125 mm); Medium, PQ/PMMA material. (b) Calibration curve of SLM1. (c) Calibration curve of SLM2. (d) Intensity pattern captured by the CMOS. Original amplitude and phase data pages for upload to the SLMs under (e) s-channel and (f) p-channel.

Fig. 3. Dependence of diffraction efficiency on the variation in the polarization state of the reading wave. Different polarization directions are represented by double arrow symbols.

Fig. 4. Experimental results. (a) and (f) Diffraction intensity patterns with different polarization channels at d = 2 mm. (b), (d), (g), and (i) Predicted data pages after they are fed into the trained CNNs. (c), (e), (h), and (j) Corresponding BER_amp and BER_pha.