Journals Articles Conferences News About CLP
Submit a paper Email Alert
Search
Search
Articles
Journals
News
Advanced Search
Top Searches
2D MaterialsTransformation opticsQuantum PhotonicsSmall lasersSemiconductor UV PhotonicsSupersymmetric microring laser arrays

Photonics Research, Volume. 13, Issue 9, 2574(2025)

Anisotropy-induced flattened dispersion and higher-order topology in C2v symmetry triangular photonic crystals

Liyun Tao1,2, Yahong Liu1,2、*, Yue He1, Lianlian Du1,2, Shaojie Ma3, Xiaoyong Yang4, Shengzhe Xia1, Chen Zhang1, Kun Song1, Zhenfei Li1, and Xiaopeng Zhao1
Author Affiliations
  • 1School of Physical Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710129, China
  • 2Shenzhen Research Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University, Shenzhen 518063, China
  • 3Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
  • 4National Research Institute of Radio Spectrum Management, Xi’an 710061, China
    • show less
    Full TextGet PDF
    Figures&Tables (8)
    Equations (2)
    References (53)
    Tools
    Paper Information
    Topics
    References(53)

    [1] C. L. Kane, E. J. Mele. Quantum spin hall effect in graphene. Phys. Rev. Lett., 95, 226801(2005).

    [2] B. A. Bernevig, T. L. Hughes, S. C. Zhang. Quantum spin Hall effect and topological phase transition in HgTe quantum wells. Science, 314, 1757-1761(2006).

    [3] M. Z. Hasan, C. L. Kane. Colloquium: topological insulators. Rev. Mod. Phys., 82, 3045-3067(2010).

    [4] X. L. Qi, S. C. Zhang. Topological insulators and superconductors. Rev. Mod. Phys., 83, 1057-1110(2011).

    [5] H. Huang, W. Duan. Quasi-1D topological insulators. Nat. Mater., 15, 129-130(2016).

    [6] J. Stajic. Magnetizing a topological insulator. Science, 349, 939(2015).

    [7] K. Nomura, A. H. MacDonald. Quantum transport of massless Dirac fermions. Phys. Rev. Lett., 98, 076602(2007).

    [8] A. De Martino, D. Klöpfer, D. Matrasulov. Electric-dipole-induced universality for Dirac fermions in graphene. Phys. Rev. Lett., 112, 186603(2014).

    [9] S. Yasui, K. Itakura, M. Nitta. non-Abelian statistics of vortices with Dirac fermions. Nucl. Phys. B, 859, 261-268(2012).

    [10] V. T. Renard, B. A. Piot, X. Waintal. Valley polarization assisted spin polarization in two dimensions. Nat. Commun., 6, 7230(2015).

    [11] A. R. Akhmerov, C. W. J. Beenakker. Detection of valley polarization in graphene by a superconducting contact. Phys. Rev. Lett., 98, 157003(2007).

    [12] J. Klein, A. Kuc, A. Nolinder. Robust valley polarization of helium ion modified atomically thin MoS2. 2D Mater., 5, 011007(2017).

    [13] T. Christensen, H. C. Po, J. D. Joannopoulos. Location and topology of the fundamental gap in photonic crystals. Phys. Rev. X, 12, 021066(2022).

    [14] A. F. Koenderink, W. L. Vos. light exiting from real photonic band gap crystals is diffuse and strongly directional. Phys. Rev. Lett., 91, 213902(2003).

    [15] J. Pérez-Ríos, M. E. Kim, C.-L. Hung. Ultracold molecule assembly with photonic crystals. New J. Phys., 19, 123035(2017).

    [16] S. Raghu, F. D. M. Haldane. Analogs of quantum-Hall-effect edge states in photonic crystals. Phys. Rev. A, 78, 033834(2008).

    [17] F. D. M. Haldane, S. Raghu. Possible realization of directional optical waveguides in photonic crystals with broken time-reversal symmetry. Phys. Rev. Lett., 100, 013904(2008).

    [18] Z. Wang, Y. Chong, J. D. Joannopoulos. Observation of unidirectional backscattering-immune topological electromagnetic states. Nature, 461, 772-775(2009).

    [19] K. Fang, Z. Yu, S. Fan. Realizing effective magnetic field for photons by controlling the phase of dynamic modulation. Nat. Photonics, 6, 782-787(2012).

    [20] L. Lu, J. D. Joannopoulos, M. Soljačić. Topological photonics. Nat. Photonics, 8, 821-829(2014).

    [21] S. A. Skirlo, L. Lu, Y. Igarashi. Experimental observation of large Chern numbers in photonic crystals. Phys. Rev. Lett., 115, 253901(2015).

    [22] B.-Y. Xie, G.-X. Su, H.-F. Wang. Visualization of higher-order topological insulating phases in two-dimensional dielectric photonic crystals. Phys. Rev. Lett., 122, 233903(2019).

    [23] J.-W. Dong, X.-D. Chen, H. Zhu. Valley photonic crystals for control of spin and topology. Nat. Mater., 16, 298-302(2017).

    [24] L. Tao, Y. Liu, X. Zhou. Multi-type topological states in higher-order photonic insulators based on Kagome metal lattices. Adv. Opt. Mater., 11, 2300986(2023).

    [25] B.-Z. Xia, T.-T. Liu, G.-L. Huang. Topological phononic insulator with robust pseudospin-dependent transport. Phys. Rev. B, 96, 094106(2017).

    [26] F. Gao, H. Xue, Z. Yang. Topologically protected refraction of robust kink states in valley photonic crystals. Nat. Phys., 14, 140-144(2018).

    [27] J. Noh, S. Huang, K. P. Chen. Observation of photonic topological valley Hall edge states. Phys. Rev. Lett., 120, 063902(2018).

    [28] S. H. Mousavi, A. B. Khanikaev, Z. Wang. Topologically protected elastic waves in phononic metamaterials. Nat. Commun., 6, 8682(2015).

    [29] L. Du, Y. Liu, M. Li. Dual-band large-area topological edge states and higher-order corner states in a valley Hall photonic crystal. Phys. Rev. B, 110, 155415(2024).

    [30] Y. Liu, C. Liu, X. Jin. Beam steering by using a gradient refractive index metamaterial planar lens and a gradient phase metasurface planar lens. Micro Opt. Tech Lett., 60, 330-337(2018).

    [31] M. Li, D. Zhirihin, M. Gorlach. Higher-order topological states in photonic kagome crystals with long-range interactions. Nat. Photonics, 14, 89-94(2020).

    [32] M. Ezawa. Higher-order topological insulators and semimetals on the breathing Kagome and pyrochlore lattices. Phys. Rev. Lett., 120, 026801(2018).

    [33] C. W. Peterson, W. A. Benalcazar, T. L. Hughes. A quantized microwave quadrupole insulator with topologically protected corner states. Nature, 555, 346-350(2018).

    [34] M. Serra-Garcia, V. Peri, R. Süsstrunk. Observation of a phononic quadrupole topological insulator. Nature, 555, 342-345(2018).

    [35] H. Fan, B. Xia, L. Tong. Elastic higher-order topological insulator with topologically protected corner states. Phys. Rev. Lett., 122, 204301(2019).

    [36] M. Li, Y. Liu, L. Tao. Evolution of an overlapped bandgap and topological flat bands in a higher-order valley photonic insulator based on dendritic structure. Laser Photonics Rev., 18, 2300923(2024).

    [37] L. Tao, Y. Liu, L. Du. Topological platforms in electromagnetic metamaterials with arbitrary auxiliary orbital freedom through Kekulé modulation. Phys. Rev. Appl., 22, 044029(2024).

    [38] L. Tao, Y. Liu, L. Du. Evolution of the edge states and corner states in a multilayer honeycomb valley-Hall topological metamaterial. Phys. Rev. B, 107, 035431(2023).

    [39] D. Takane, K. Nakayama, S. Souma. Observation of Dirac-like energy band and ring-torus Fermi surface associated with the nodal line in topological insulator CaAgAs. Npj Quantum Mater., 3, 1(2018).

    [40] Z. Chen, H. Qiu, X. Cheng. Defect-induced helicity dependent terahertz emission in Dirac semimetal PtTe2 thin films. Nat. Commun., 15, 2605(2024).

    [41] S. Duan, F. Qin, P. Chen. Berry curvature dipole generation and helicity-to-spin conversion at symmetry-mismatched heterointerfaces. Nat. Nanotechnol., 18, 867-874(2023).

    [42] Y. Yuan, W. Li, B. Liu. Edge states at nematic domain walls in FeSe films. Nano Lett., 18, 7176-7180(2018).

    [43] C. Liu, W. Gao, B. Yang. Disorder-induced topological state transition in photonic metamaterials. Phys. Rev. Lett., 119, 183901(2017).

    [44] S. Stützer, Y. Plotnik, Y. Lumer. Photonic topological Anderson insulators. Nature, 560, 461-465(2018).

    [45] C. Liu, S. A. Maier. High-quality optical hotspots with topology-protected robustness. ACS Photonics, 9, 241-248(2022).

    [46] Z. Zhang, P. Delplace, R. Fleury. Superior robustness of anomalous non-reciprocal topological edge states. Nature, 598, 293-297(2021).

    [47] H. Qin, Z. Su, Z. Zhang. Disorder-assisted real–momentum topological photonic crystal. Nature, 639, 602-608(2025).

    [48] X. Wen, C. Qiu, Y. Qi. Acoustic Landau quantization and quantum-Hall-like edge states. Nat. Phys., 15, 352-356(2019).

    [49] T. Ma, A. B. Khanikaev, S. H. Mousavi. Guiding electromagnetic waves around sharp corners: topologically protected photonic transport in metawaveguides. Phys. Rev. Lett., 114, 127401(2015).

    [50] X. Zhang, H.-X. Wang, Z.-K. Lin. Second-order topology and multidimensional topological transitions in sonic crystals. Nat. Phys., 15, 582-588(2019).

    [51] T. Duan, S. You, M. Chen. Chiral-structured heterointerfaces enable durable perovskite solar cells. Science, 384, 878-884(2024).

    [52] G. Zhang, L. Wang, J. Wang. Spontaneous rotational symmetry breaking in KTaO3 heterointerface superconductors. Nat. Commun., 14, 3046(2023).

    [53] S. Toyama, T. Seki, Y. Kanitani. Real-space observation of a two-dimensional electron gas at semiconductor heterointerfaces. Nat. Nanotechnol., 18, 521-528(2023).

    Tools

    Get Citation

    Copy Citation Text

    Liyun Tao, Yahong Liu, Yue He, Lianlian Du, Shaojie Ma, Xiaoyong Yang, Shengzhe Xia, Chen Zhang, Kun Song, Zhenfei Li, Xiaopeng Zhao, "Anisotropy-induced flattened dispersion and higher-order topology in C2v symmetry triangular photonic crystals," Photonics Res. 13, 2574 (2025)

    Download Citation

    EndNote(RIS)BibTexPlain Text
    Set citation alerts for article
    Save article for my favorites
    Paper Information

    Category: Nanophotonics and Photonic Crystals

    Received: Apr. 7, 2025

    Accepted: Jun. 18, 2025

    Published Online: Aug. 28, 2025

    The Author Email: Yahong Liu (yhliu@nwpu.edu.cn)

    DOI:10.1364/PRJ.564189

    CSTR:32188.14.PRJ.564189

    Topics

    laser devices and laser physics
    Lasers and Laser Optics
    Laser physics
    laser manufacturing
    Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology