Fig. 1. Disparity of facial landmarks

Fig. 2. Flow chart of 3D head pose estimation

Fig. 3. Facial intrinsic coordinate system

Fig. 4. Plan view of the yaw

Fig. 5. Plan view of the roll

Fig. 6. Plan view of the pitch

Fig. 7. Euler correction of the roll

Fig. 8. Euler correction of the yaw

Fig. 9. Experiment platform. (a) Experiment system; (b) 3D rotating optical instruments; (c) binocular cameras

Fig. 10. Images in the head pose dataset. (a) Pitch; (b) roll; (c) yaw

Fig. 11. Visualization of 3D facial landmarks

Fig. 12. Average absolute error of the roll

Fig. 13. Average absolute error of the pitch

Fig. 14. Mean absolute error of the yaw