With the increasingly stringent requirements for the product cost control in aerospace engineering，the low-cost application approaches for aerospace components and their quality assurance mechanisms have become a critical research focus at present.This paper systematically reviews the research progress and practical experience regarding the low-cost component selection strategies and quality assurance methodologies at home and abroad.On this basis，the core challenges of achieving effective cost control while maintaining the inherent quality and reliability of the components for aerospace models are focused.The component cost structures and quality grades are analyzed in detail，and an integrated cost control scheme is proposed.The scheme centers on implementing a combined selection mechanism based on the mission-criticality classification of aerospace models and component-category management and differentially formulating the targeted screening test strategies according to the specific quality grades of the components.The proposed classification-based management framework and differentiated screening strategy recommendations aim to provide theoretical reference and practical guidance for aerospace model engineering to ensure the high-reliability application and assured quality of components under stringent cost constraints.