Fig. 1. Satellite imaging model and simulation experiment structure. (a) Geostationary orbit satellite staring imaging model; (b) simulation experiment structure

Fig. 2. Flowchart of image offset repair algorithm for attitude angle calculation

Fig. 3. Simplified model of imaging optical system. (a) Correspondence of parallel light imaging pixels; (b) image shift caused by the change of incident light angle

Fig. 4. Offset distance of imaging pixels caused by small changes in the angle of incidence

Fig. 5. Quantization correspondence between offset distance and offset pixel value. (a) Half-pixel and floating-point sub-pixel; (b) pixel shift distance

Fig. 6. Experimental equipment and target image. (a) Experimental equipment; (b) observation target image by target edge method

Fig. 7. Long exposure image and time-sharing integral superimposed image. (a) Repeated superposition result of single-frame images; (b) multi-frame image superposition result after angle restoration

Fig. 8. Single line distribution function of different images

Fig. 9. Image GMG with different processing methods

Fig. 10. Image GMG lift ratio before and after restoration

Fig. 11. Partial images of edge graph. (a) Part of unrepaired edge map; (b) part of edge map after repair

Fig. 12. MTF curves of image processed by different algorithms

Fig. 13. Improvement trend of satellite 200 m resolution before and after processing by different algorithms

Fig. 14. Comparison of MTF lift ratio between frequency domain filtering method and interpolation method

Fig. 15. Image inpainting results in the presence of acquisition noise. (a) Probability density spectrum of acquisition error conforming to Gaussian distribution; (b) MTF values processed by each algorithm with acquisition error; (c) MTF lift ratio processed by each algorithm with acquisition error

Fig. 16. Inpainting effect for low signal-to-noise ratio images. (a) Low signal-to-noise ratio image; (b) MTF values of low signal-to-noise ratio image processed by each algorithm; (c) MTF lift ratio of low signal-to-noise ratio image processed by each algorithm