Microstructure Heterogeneity and Mechanical Properties of Laser Mirror Welded Joint of 2219 Aluminum Alloy

Jizhi Guo; Jianfeng Wang; Lujing Hao; Xuan Yin; Xiaohong Zhan

doi:10.3788/CJL230537

Chinese Journal of Lasers, Volume. 50, Issue 16, 1602101(2023)

Microstructure Heterogeneity and Mechanical Properties of Laser Mirror Welded Joint of 2219 Aluminum Alloy

Jizhi Guo, Jianfeng Wang, Lujing Hao, Xuan Yin, and Xiaohong Zhan^*

College of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211106, Jiangsu, China

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Figures & Tables(17)

Fig. 1. Schematics of laser mirror welding experiment. (a) Schematic of experimental equipment; (b) schematic of laser mirror welding

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Fig. 2. Macroscopic morphologies of welded joint cross sections under different welding process parameters. (a) P=3000 W, V=2.3 m·min^-1; (b) P=3000 W, V=2.1 m·min^-1; (c) P=3500 W, V=2.3 m·min^-1

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Fig. 3. Comparison of measured results of welded joint cross sections under different welding process parameters. (a) Widths on left and right sides of weld seam; (b) waist width on left and right sides of weld seam; (c) cross-sectional area of weld seam

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Fig. 4. Microstructures of different areas of welded joints when P=3500 W and V=2.3 m·min^-1. (a) Cross section of welded joint; (b) near upper fusion line; (c) central equiaxed dendrite area; (d) near lower fusion line; (e) left center equiaxed dendrite area; (f) right center equiaxed dendrite area

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Fig. 5. Comparison of microstructures in upper fusion line area, central area, and bottom fusion line area of weld seams under different welding process parameters. (a1)-(a4) P=3000 W, V=2.3 m·min^-1; (b1)-(b4) P=3000 W, V=2.1 m·min^-1; (c1)-(c4) P=3500 W, V=2.3 m·min^-1

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Fig. 6. Comparison of widths of columnar crystal zones and numbers of equiaxed crystals in central area of weld seam under different welding process parameters. (a) Schematic of weld seam area; (b) comparison of widths of columnar crystal areas under different welding process parameters; (c) comparison of numbers of equiaxed crystals in central area of weld seam under different welding process parameters

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Fig. 7. Microstructure evolution and distribution diagrams in different areas of weld seam. (a) Schematic of microstructural morphologies under different temperature gradients; (b) grain distribution diagram of welded joint; (c) schematic of molten pool flow characteristics

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Fig. 8. Measured microhardness results under different process parameters

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$Tensile fractures under different process parameters. (a) P=3000 W, V=2.3 m·min-1; (b) P=3000 W, V=2.1 m·min-1; (c) P=3500 W, V=2.3 m·min-1$

Fig. 9. Tensile fractures under different process parameters. (a) P=3000 W, V=2.3 m·min^-1; (b) P=3000 W, V=2.1 m·min^-1; (c) P=3500 W, V=2.3 m·min^-1

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Fig. 10. Tensile force versus displacement under different process parameters

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$Tensile fractures of laser mirror welded aluminum alloy. (a) P=3000 W, V=2.3 m·min-1; (b) P=3000 W, V=2.1 m·min-1; (c) P=3500 W, V=2.3 m·min-1$

Fig. 11. Tensile fractures of laser mirror welded aluminum alloy. (a) P=3000 W, V=2.3 m·min^-1; (b) P=3000 W, V=2.1 m·min^-1; (c) P=3500 W, V=2.3 m·min^-1

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$Schematic of test position of element content in tensile fracture of laser mirror welded joint$

Fig. 12. Schematic of test position of element content in tensile fracture of laser mirror welded joint

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Table 1. Chemical compositions of 2219 aluminum alloy
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Table 1. Chemical compositions of 2219 aluminum alloy
Element Cu Mn Ti Zr V Zn Fe Si Al
Mass fraction /% 5.60-6.80 0.20-0.40 ≤0.10 ≤0.25 ≤0.15 0.10 0.30 0.20 Bal.

Table 2. Main technical parameters of laser
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Table 2. Main technical parameters of laser
Parameter Adjustment range of laser power /W Beam quality /（mm·mrad） Laser wavelength /nm Fiber diameter /μm
Value 240-12000 12 1030 300

Table 3. Laser mirror welding process parameters
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Table 3. Laser mirror welding process parameters
Parameter group No.
Laser
power /W
Welding speed /
（m/min）
Welding heat input /（J/cm）
C1 3000 2.3 782.67
C2 3000 2.1 857.14
C3 3500 2.3 913.12

Table 4. Tensile test results under different welding parameters
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Table 4. Tensile test results under different welding parameters
Parameter group No.
Maximum
tensile force /N
Cross-sectional area /mm² Tensile strength /MPa
Base metal 33156.89 75.36 439.98
C1 12893.21 68.44 188.39
C2 14586.95 66.69 218.76
C3 16411.72 63.25 259.47

Table 5. Detection results of element content in tensile fracture of laser mirror welded joint

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Table 5. Detection results of element content in tensile fracture of laser mirror welded joint

Test point	Al		Cu		Si
Test point	Mass fraction /%	Atomic fraction /%	Mass fraction /%	Atomic fraction %	Mass fraction /%	Atomic fraction %
Point 1	27.71	78.64	16.32	5.75	1.25	3.54
Point 2	83.98	95.24	9.22	4.44	0.38	0.21
Point 3	62.74	97.61	2.99	1.98	0.43	0.33

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Jizhi Guo, Jianfeng Wang, Lujing Hao, Xuan Yin, Xiaohong Zhan. Microstructure Heterogeneity and Mechanical Properties of Laser Mirror Welded Joint of 2219 Aluminum Alloy[J]. Chinese Journal of Lasers, 2023, 50(16): 1602101

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