Fig. 1. Types of optoelectronic tracking systems

Fig. 2. EODAS system and structure diagram^[4]

Fig. 3. TSS mounted on AH-1Z helicopter ^[12]

Fig. 4. MTS carried by Predator unmanned aerial vehicle ^[13]

Fig. 5. Installation location, structure, and function diagram of EOTS^[4]. (a) Installation location; (b) structure; (c) function diagram

Fig. 6. Schematic of ATS system and multi-target tracking demonstration result^[14]. (a) Schematic; (b) demonstration result

Fig. 7. Eastern sentinel optoelectronic tracking system and parameters^[15]

Fig. 8. Optical cabin and signal processing box of domestic photoelectric search and tracking system^[16]. (a) Optical cabin; (b) signal processing box

Fig. 9. Comparison of visual information representation between conventional imaging protocol and event-triggered pulsed vision imaging protocol^[23]. (a) Conventional imaging protocol; (b) event-triggered pulsed vision imaging protocol

Fig. 10. Schematics of method proposed in Ref. [48]. (a) Schematic diagram of tracking capture spiral scanning; scanning trajectories of (b) static target and (c) dynamic target

Fig. 11. Schematic of single-point single-photon lidar target tracking system and trajectory of tracked UAV^[49]. (a) Schematic of system; (b) trajectory of tracked UAV

Fig. 12. Integrated optical and radar system. (a) Building block architecture^[62]; (b) co-aperture architecture^[60]

Fig. 13. Type TH-S317 integrated optical and radar system for low altitude surveillance^[63]

Fig. 14. Principle of PMT

Fig. 15. Principle of APD. (a) Avalanche process of photodiode; (b) mode of APD

Fig. 16. Principle of SNSPD

Fig. 17. Four-quadrant SNSPD detector with six-photon number resolution, distribution of bit error rate, and schematic diagram of communication system^[77]. (a) Detector; (b) distribution; (c) system diagram

Fig. 18. Diagram of NASA deep space laser communication spot tracking experimental system^[93]

Fig. 19. NASA laser communication spot tracking system with 32 pixel×32 pixel single-photon detector^[95]

Fig. 20. SNSPI with pixel number of 1024^[76]

Fig. 21. SNSPD array with pixel number of 4×10^{5 [98]}

Fig. 22. SNSPI micrograph and principle of temporal-spatial transient localization^[97]

Fig. 23. Schematics of principles. (a) R-CNN method^[147]; (b) YOLO method^[149]

Fig. 24. Principle of SiamFC^method[157]

Fig. 25. Schematic diagram of object tracking algorithm based on Transformer ^[163]