Fig. 1. Three-dimensional schematic diagram and unit diagram of grating.

Fig. 2. Structural properties of transmission metamaterials. (a) Transmission amplitude of four kinds of particles. (b) Transmission phase of four kinds of particles.

Fig. 3. Schematic diagram of the transmission-type basic sequence and simulation results. (i) S1, S2, S3 sequence arrangement. (ii) Three-dimensional far-field scattering diagram. (iii) Near-field scattering diagram.

Fig. 4. Schematic diagram of S4 metasurface and simulation results. (a) Coding sequence. (b) Three-dimensional far-field scattering. (c) Near-field scattering.

Fig. 5. Schematic diagram of S5 metasurface and simulation results. (a) Coding sequence. (b) Three-dimensional far-field scattering. (c) Near-field scattering.

Fig. 6. Three-dimensional far-field scattering simulation results. (a) Three-dimensional far-field scattering diagram of S6 sequence. (b) Three-dimensional far-field scattering diagram of S7 sequence.

Fig. 7. Schematic diagram of S8 metasurface and simulation results. (a) Coding sequence. (b) Three-dimensional far-field scattering.

Fig. 8. Schematic diagram of S3′ metasurface and simulation results. (a) Coding sequence. (b) Three-dimensional far-field scattering.

Fig. 9. Schematic diagram of cascaded metasurface and simulation results. (a) Coding sequence. (b) Two-dimensional scattering angle.

Fig. 10. Schematic diagram of the experimental process.

Fig. 11. Schematic diagram of experimental samples P1 and P2. (a) Sample picture. (b) 10 times microscope magnified picture.

Fig. 12. Experimental test platform.

Fig. 13. Comparison between simulation and experiment of samples P1 and P2. (a) Schematic diagram of test thickness of samples P1 and P2. (b) Comparison of simulated and experimental transmittance of P1. (c) Comparison diagram of P2 transmittance simulation and experiment. (d) Comparison of simulated and experimental transmittance of cascade metasurface.

Fig. 14. Experimental diagram. (a) Experimental platform. (b) Far-field scattering pattern. (i) Samples P1, P2, and cascaded metasurface simulation patterns. (ii) Samples P1, P2, and cascaded metasurface test results.