Path Loss of Ultraviolet Non-Line-of-Sight Communication in Rugged Terrain Based on Digital Elevation Model

Ketao Feng; Xiaoyi Li; Lehua Wu; Xuan Qian; Shentao Wang; Mou Chen; Mengru Li; Kunlun Li

doi:10.3788/AOS202242.0606001

Acta Optica Sinica, Volume. 42, Issue 6, 0606001(2022)

Path Loss of Ultraviolet Non-Line-of-Sight Communication in Rugged Terrain Based on Digital Elevation Model

Ketao Feng¹, Xiaoyi Li^1、*, Lehua Wu¹, Xuan Qian², Shentao Wang¹, Mou Chen¹, Mengru Li¹, and Kunlun Li³

Author Affiliations

¹Communication Sergeant School, Army Engineering University, Chongqing 400035, China

²National Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China

³Unit 78092 of PLA, Chengdu, Sichuan 610036, China

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Figures & Tables(22)

Fig. 1. Single scattering communication model of ultraviolet non-line-of-sight light

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Fig. 2. Transmission diagram without obscure objects

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Fig. 3. L_P varying with θ_T and θ_R. (a) θ_T; (b) θ_R

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Fig. 4. Transmission diagram with obscure objects

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Fig. 5. Schematic diagram of tangent transmission

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Fig. 6. Regular grid terrain model

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Fig. 7. Process of obtaining optimal values of receiving and transmitting elevations based on DEM

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Fig. 8. DEM sketch map of mountain

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Fig. 9. Projection diagram of longitudinal section L on xoy plane

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Fig. 10. Schematic diagram of adjacent grid point selection. (a) Along y axis; (b) along x axis

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Fig. 11. Schematic diagram of outline curve of longitudinal section L

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Fig. 12. Schematic diagram of maximum tangent angle

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Fig. 13. Terrain Ⅰ

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Fig. 14. Schematic diagram of locations of receiving and transmitting ends. (a) Group 1; (b) group 2; (c) group 3

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Fig. 15. Results of experiment 1. (a) Location diagram of DEM; (b) profile diagram; (c) optimal θ_T and θ_R; (d) path loss

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Fig. 16. Results of experiment 2. (a) Location diagram of DEM; (b) profile diagram; (c) optimal θ_T and θ_R; (d) path loss

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Fig. 17. Results of experiment 3. (a) Location diagram of DEM; (b) profile diagram; (c) optimal θ_T and θ_R; (d) path loss

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Table 1. Simulation parameters

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Table 1. Simulation parameters

Parameter	Value
Wavelength λ /nm	266
Transmitting power P_t /W	0.02
Receiving aperture area A_r /m²	1.77×10^-4
Divergence angle φ_T /(°)	30
Field of view of receiver φ_R /(°)	30
Absorption coefficient K_a /m^-1	7.45×10^-4
Rayleigh scattering coefficient K_R /m^-1	2.58×10^-4
Mie scattering coefficient K_M /m^-1	8.87×10^-4
Parameter of Rayleigh scattering phase function γ	0.017
Asymmetry factor of Mie scattering phase function g	0.72
Scattering factor of Mie scattering phase function f	0.5
Communication baseline distance r /m	100

Table 2. Coordinate values of M_i_,1-M_i_,6

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Table 2. Coordinate values of M_i_,1-M_i_,6

Item	Grid point	x		y			h
Item	Grid point	Coordinate	Value	Coordinate		Value	Coordinate	Value
	M_i_,1	X_i_,1			X[floor(x_i/d)+1]				Y_i_,1	Y(y_i/d+2)	H_i_,1	H[floor(x_i/d)+1,y_i/d+2]
	M_i_,2	X_i_,2			X[floor(x_i/d)+2]				Y_i_,2	Y(y_i/d+2)	H_i_,2	H[floor(x_i/d)+2,y_i/d+2]
A	M_i_,3	X_i_,3			X[floor(x_i/d)+1]				Y_i_,3	Y(y_i/d+1)	H_i_,3	H[floor(x_i/d)+1,y_i/d+1]
	M_i_,4	X_i_,4			X[floor(x_i/d)+2]				Y_i_,4	Y(y_i/d+1)	H_i_,4	H[floor(x_i/d)+2,y_i/d+1]
	M_i_,5	X_i_,5			X[floor(x_i/d)+1]				Y_i_,5	Y(y_i/d)	H_i_,5	H[floor(x_i/d)+1,y_i/d]
	M_i_,6	X_i_,6			X[floor(x_i/d)+2]				Y_i_,6	Y(y_i/d)	H_i_,6	H[floor(x_i/d)+2,y_i/d]
	M_i_,1	X_i_,1			X(x_i/d)				Y_i_,1	Y[floor(y_i/d)+2]	H_i_,1	H[x_i/d,floor(y_i/d)+2]
	M_i_,2	X_i_,2			X(x_i/d)				Y_i_,2	Y[floor(y_i/d)+1]	H_i_,2	H[x_i/d,floor(y_i/d)+1]
B	M_i_,3	X_i_,3			X(x_i/d+1)				Y_i_,3	Y[floor(y_i/d)+2]	H_i_,3	H[x_i/d+1,floor(y_i/d)+2]
	M_i_,4	X_i_,4			X(x_i/d+1)				Y_i_,4	Y[floor(y_i/d)+1]	H_i_,4	H[x_i/d+1,floor(y_i/d)+1]
	M_i_,5	X_i_,5			X(x_i/d+2)				Y_i_,5	Y[floor(y_i/d)+2]	H_i_,5	H[x_i/d+2,floor(y_i/d)+2]
	M_i_,6	X_i_,6			X(x_i/d+2)				Y_i_,6	Y[floor(y_i/d)+1]	H_i_,6	H[x_i/d+2,floor(y_i/d)+1]

Table 3. Comparison of terrain interpolation effect
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Table 3. Comparison of terrain interpolation effect
Method E_MAE /m E_RMSE /m R Average time /s
BI 0.07194 0.17034 0.99997 0.0149
OK 0.28027 0.48169 0.99983 1.9843
IDW 0.04805 0.15014 0.99998 0.0431

Table 4. Tangent angle and path loss
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Table 4. Tangent angle and path loss
Group 1 2 3
θ_E /(°) θ_F /(°) L_P /dB θ_E /(°) θ_F /(°) L_P /dB θ_E /(°) θ_F /(°) L_P /dB
Terrain Ⅰ 4.36 7.07 114.466 17.76 14.68 116.167 20.23 21.35 117.290
Terrain Ⅱ 4.78 7.42 114.452 18.02 15.13 116.124 20.51 23.15 116.905

Table 5. Growth rate of path loss

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Table 5. Growth rate of path loss

(θ_T,θ_R)	Growth rate /%	(θ_T,θ_R)	Growth rate /%	(θ_T,θ_R)	Growth rate /%	(θ_T,θ_R)	Growth rate /%
(11°,11°)	5.48	(21°,21°)	3.81	(31°,31°)	3.74	(41°,41°)	2.87
(12°,12°)	10.35	(22°,22°)	7.46	(32°,32°)	7.31	(42°,42°)	5.50
(13°,13°)	14.71	(23°,23°)	10.96	(33°,33°)	10.70	(43°,43°)	7.92

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Ketao Feng, Xiaoyi Li, Lehua Wu, Xuan Qian, Shentao Wang, Mou Chen, Mengru Li, Kunlun Li. Path Loss of Ultraviolet Non-Line-of-Sight Communication in Rugged Terrain Based on Digital Elevation Model[J]. Acta Optica Sinica, 2022, 42(6): 0606001

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