In the field of nuclear waste vitrification, Joule-heated ceramic melters (JHCM) is widely employed for the treatment of high-level liquid waste (HLLW) due to their mature technology, high throughput, and suitability for remote operation. In this study, with the aid of the GFM glass furnace model, the operating status of a certain ceramic melter for high-level liquid waste vitrification under different bubbling rates and different bubbling positions was analyzed. The distribution information of each physical field in the melting pool was obtained, and the influence of bubbling rate and bubbling position on the mass and heat transfer of the furnace and the melting rate of the feed was evaluated. The results indicate that as the bubbling rate increases, the average temperature at the cold cap bottom rises slightly, and the scouring velocity at the bottom increases. Lowering the position of the bubbling nozzle expands the circulation region of the flow field, thereby improving the uniformity of temperature distribution within the melter. This study simulates the influence of different bubbling processes on the melting performance of ceramic melter for high level liquid waste vitrification, with the aim of providing technical support for efficient nuclear waste management.