The low power consumption TFT can reduce the energy consumption of electronic devices, save energy, extend battery life, reduce device temperature, and improve display quality, which plays an important role in the design and manufacturing of electronic devices. The structure of TFT substrates can be divided into following types: high-temperature polycrystalline silicon, low-temperature polycrystalline silicon, metal oxide semiconductor, and flexible material substrate. This article summarizes and analyzes the research on low power consumption of existing TFT substrate display devices, including two main aspects: optimizing the driving of TFT substrate itself and optimizing the driving of TFT substrate peripherals. The research of low power consumption TFT in recent years at home and abroad is introduced in detail. Based on the characteristics and challenges of the methods introduced, the future development of low power consumption driving for TFT substrate display devices is discussed.