The study of solar spectrum is of profound significance to science and human society. The satellite-borne solar imaging spectrometer designed in accordance with this requirement has a low signal-to-noise ratio and a large uncertainty after calibration of the radiance response directly on the ground, so it is difficult to achieve accurate measurement of the radiance response. Therefore, the solar radiance hyperspectral responsivity calibration system was constructed to test the whole system radiance responsivity. The calibration accuracy of the solar imaging spectrometer calibration test was improved, the dynamic range was improved by 2.8 times, and the extended uncertainty could reach 4.60%. Compared with the results of direct calibration, the signal-to-noise ratio of solar imaging spectrometer calibration test was significantly improved, which met the requirements of radiance response calibration of solar imaging spectrometer.