Parameter Optimization of Laser Polishing Based on Orthogonal Experiment and Response Surface Method

Xudong Huang; Tao Wang; Shaowu Hu; Tao Yao; Runpeng Miao; Qingchuan Kang; Yizhi Zhang

doi:10.3788/LOP202259.1114004

Laser & Optoelectronics Progress, Volume. 59, Issue 11, 1114004(2022)

Parameter Optimization of Laser Polishing Based on Orthogonal Experiment and Response Surface Method

Xudong Huang, Tao Wang^*, Shaowu Hu, Tao Yao, Runpeng Miao, Qingchuan Kang, and Yizhi Zhang

Author Affiliations

College of Mechanical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjing300401, China

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Figures & Tables(17)

Fig. 1. Schematic of laser polishing equipment

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Fig. 2. TC4 alloy after laser polishing. (a) Substrate surface and polished field; (b) surface after laser polishing

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Fig. 3. Schematic of laser polishing. (a) Trajectory of laser polishing; (b) mechanism diagram of laser polishing

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Fig. 4. Schematic of factors influencing laser polishing

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Fig. 5. Surface microscopic morphologies. (a) Original surface; (b) No. 7 -1 sample; (c) No. 9-1 sample; (d) No. 3-1 sample

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Fig. 6. Roughness changes before and after laser polishing

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Fig. 7. Range effect diagrams.(a) Range variation diagram of defocusing distance; (b) range variation diagram of laser power; (c) range variation diagram of repetition frequency; (d) range variation diagram of scanning speed

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Fig. 8. 3D surface topographies of laser polishing. (a) Original surface; (b) surface after polishing with optimal parameters; (c) XY surface without polishing; (d) XY surface after polishing with optimal parameters

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Fig. 9. Surface microscopic morphologies. (a) No. 20 sample; (b) No. 9 sample

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Fig. 10. Comparison between actual and predicted values

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Fig. 11. Effects of significant interaction terms on surface roughness. (a) Effects of laser power and repetition frequency; (b) effects of laser power and scanning speed; (c) effects of repetition frequency and scanning speed

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Table 1. Main chemical compositions of TC4 titanium alloy
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Table 1. Main chemical compositions of TC4 titanium alloy
Composition Al V Fe C O N H Ti
Mass fraction /% 5.50‒6.50 3.50‒4.50 0‒0.25 0‒0.08 0‒0.13 0‒0.13 0‒0.12 Bal.

Table 2. Level table of orthogonal experimental factors
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Table 2. Level table of orthogonal experimental factors
Variable Low Medium High
Defocusing distance /mm 3 4 5
Laser power /W 20 25 30
Laser repetition frequency /kHz 70 90 110
Laser scanning speed /（mm $∙ s^{- 1}$ ） 1650 1700 1750

Table 3. Design matrix of orthogonal experiment and results

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Table 3. Design matrix of orthogonal experiment and results

Sample No.	h /mm	P /W	f /kHz	v /（mm $∙ s^{- 1}$ ）	Roughness /μm		Average roughness /μm
Sample No.	h /mm	P /W	f /kHz	v /（mm $∙ s^{- 1}$ ）	First	Second	Average roughness /μm
1-1	3	20	70	1650	0.1868	0.1774	0.1821
2-1	3	25	90	1700	0.1526	0.1640	0.1583
3-1	3	30	110	1750	0.1148	0.1369	0.1259
4-1	4	20	90	1750	0.2291	0.2187	0.2239
5-1	4	25	110	1650	0.2329	0.2481	0.2405
6-1	4	30	70	1700	0.1931	0.1783	0.1857
7-1	5	20	110	1700	0.2775	0.2893	0.2834
8-1	5	25	70	1750	0.1988	0.2376	0.2182
9-1	5	30	90	1650	0.2022	0.1952	0.1987

Table 4. Range analysis results
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Table 4. Range analysis results
Parameter h /mm P /W f /kHz v /（mm⋅ $s^{- 1}$ ）
$K_{1}$ 0.1554 0.2298 0.1953 0.2071
$K_{2}$ 0.2167 0.2057 0.1936 0.2091
$K_{3}$ 0.2334 0.1701 0.2166 0.1893
R 0.078 0.0597 0.023 0.0198

Table 5. BBD experimental parameters and results

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Table 5. BBD experimental parameters and results

Sample No.	h /mm	P /W	f /kHz	$v$ /（mm $∙ s^{- 1}$ ）	$R_{a}$ /μm
1	5	25	90	1750	0.2340
2	4	25	90	1700	0.1842
3	4	25	90	1700	0.1968
4	4	20	90	1650	0.1790
5	5	25	90	1650	0.2301
6	5	25	110	1700	0.2565
7	4	20	110	1700	0.2611
8	5	30	90	1700	0.2098
9	3	30	90	1700	0.1115
10	4	25	70	1650	0.1688
11	4	20	90	1750	0.2340
12	4	30	90	1750	0.1546
13	3	25	110	1700	0.1799
14	4	25	110	1650	0.2440
15	4	30	70	1700	0.1818
16	4	30	110	1700	0.1878
17	4	30	90	1650	0.1784
18	3	25	90	1750	0.1756
19	4	20	70	1700	0.2012
20	5	20	90	1700	0.2732
21	3	25	70	1700	0.1381
22	4	25	90	1700	0.1932
23	4	25	90	1700	0.2009
24	4	25	70	1750	0.1982
25	5	25	70	1700	0.2298
26	4	25	110	1750	0.2189
27	3	25	90	1650	0.1422
28	3	20	90	1700	0.1820
29	4	25	90	1700	0.1955

Table 6. Variance analysis of surface roughness model

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Table 6. Variance analysis of surface roughness model

Source	Sum of squares	Mean square	$F_{v a l u e}$	$P_{v a l u e}$	Reliability
R²=0.9576	$R_{A D J}^{2}$ =0.9406	$R_{P R E D}^{2}$ =0.9002
Model	0.038	0.004758	56.4	< 0.0001	Significant
A	0.021	0.021	251.14	< 0.0001
B	0.007831	0.007831	92.83	< 0.0001
C	0.004419	0.004419	52.39	< 0.0001
D	0.00044	0.00044	5.22	0.0335
BC	0.000725	0.000725	8.59	0.0083
BD	0.001551	0.001551	18.38	0.0004
CD	0.0007437	0.0007437	8.82	0.0076
C²	0.001167	0.001167	13.83	0.0014
Residual	0.001687	0.00008436
Lack of fit value	0.001532	0.00009578	2.48	0.1969	Not significant
Pure error	0.0001547	0.00003868
Total	0.04

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Xudong Huang, Tao Wang, Shaowu Hu, Tao Yao, Runpeng Miao, Qingchuan Kang, Yizhi Zhang. Parameter Optimization of Laser Polishing Based on Orthogonal Experiment and Response Surface Method[J]. Laser & Optoelectronics Progress, 2022, 59(11): 1114004

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