[1] [1] P. Blaha, K. Schwarz. Electron densities in VN. Ⅱ. theory [J]. Phy. Rev. B, 1987, 36(3):1420～1424

[3] [3] U. C. Oh, Jung Ho Je. Effects of strain energy on the preferred orientation of TiN thin films [J]. J. Appl. Phys., 1993, 74(3):1692～1696

[4] [4] Harish C. Barshilia, Anjiana Jain, K.S. Rajam. Structure, hardness and thermal stability of nanolayered TiN/CrN multilayer coatings [J]. Vacuum, 2004, 72(3):241～248

[5] [5] S. A. Barnett, Anita Madan. Hardness and stability of metal-nitride nanoscale multilayers [J]. Script. Mater., 2004, 50(6):739～744

[6] [6] J. Perez-Mariano, J. Caro, C. Colominas. TiN/SiNx submicronic multilayer coatings obtained by chemical vapor deposition in a fluidized bed reactor at atmospheric pressure (AP/FBR-CVD) [J]. Surf. Coat. Technol., 2006, 201(7):4021～4025

[7] [7] N. Popovska, H. Gerhard, D. Wurm et al.. Chemical vapor deposition of titanium nitride on carbon fibres as a protective layer in metal matrix composites [J]. Material and Design, 1997, 18(4-6):239～242

[8] [8] S. C. Mishra, B. B. Nayak, B. C. Mohanty et al.. Surface nitriding of titanium in arc plasma [J]. J. Mater. Proc. Technol., 2003, 132(1-3):143～148

[9] [9] J. Musil, J. Vlcek, M. Ruzicka. Recent progress in plasma nitriding [J]. Vacuum, 2000, 59(4):940～951

[10] [10] Bekir S. Yilbas, Ahmet Z. Sahin, Ahmed Z. Al-Garni et al.. Plasma nitriding of Ti-6A1-4V alloy to improve some tribological properties [J]. Surf. Coat. Technol., 1996, 80(3):287～292

[11] [11] Shengli Ma, Kewei Xu, Wanqi Jie. Wear behavior of the surface of Ti-6Al-4V alloy modified by treating with a pulsed d.c. plasma-duplex process [J]. Surf. Coat. Technol., 2004, 185:205～209

[12] [12] C. Chaiwong, D. R. McKenzie, M. M. M. Bilek. Cracking of titanium nitride films grown on polycarbonate [J]. Surf. Coat. Technol., 2007, 201(9-11):5596～5600

[13] [13] K. G. Kostov, M. Ueda, M. Lepiensky et al.. Surface modification of metal alloys by plasma immersion ion implantation and subsequent plasma nitriding [J]. Surf. Coat. Technol., 2004, 186(1-2):204～208

[14] [14] F. Berberich, W. Matz, U. Kreissig et al.. Structural characterisation of hardening of Ti-Al-V alloys after nitridation by plasma immersion ion implantation [J]. Appl. Surf. Sci., 2001, 179(1-4):13～19

[15] [15] A. D. Wilson, A. Leyland, A. Matthews. A comparative study of the influence of plasma treatments, PVD coatings and ion implantation on the tribological performance of Ti-6Al-4V [J]. Surf. Coat. Technol., 1999, 114(1):70～80

[16] [16] C. Liu, Q. Bi, A. Matthews. Tribological and electrochemical performance of PVD TiN coatings on the femoral head of Ti-6Al-4V artificial hip joints [J]. Surf. Coat. Technol., 2003, 163-164:597～604

[17] [17] Y. F. Lu, Z. F. He, Z. H. Mai et al.. Carbon nitride thin film synthesized on iron buffer layers [J]. J. Appl. Phys., 2000, 88(12):7095～7098

[18] [18] F. Landry, P. Schaaf, M. Neubauer et al.. Laser nitriding of iron:influence of the spatial laser intensity distribution [J]. Appl. Surf. Sci., 1999, 138-139:266～270

[19] [19] Mukul Gupta, Ajay Gupta, P. Bhattacharya et al.. Study of iron nitride thin films deposited by pulsed laser deposition [J]. J. Alloys and Compound, 2001, 326(1-2):265～269

[20] [20] M. Ohkoshl, T. Yoshitake, K. Tsushima. Dynamics of laser-ablated iron in nitriogen atmosphere [J]. Appl. Phys. Lett., 1994, 64(24):3340～3342

[21] [21] Ugur Sen. Kinetics of titanium nitride coatings deposited by thermo-reactive deposition technique [J]. Vaccum, 2004, 75(4):339～345

[22] [22] A. Zhecheva, S. Malinov, W. Sha. Simulation of microhardness profiles of titanium alloys after surface nitriding using artificial neural network [J]. Surf. Coat. Technol., 2005, 200(7):2332～2342

[23] [23] S. Mridha. Titanium nitride layer formation by TIG surface melting in a reactive environment [J]. J. Mater. Process. Technol., 2005, 168(3):471～477

[25] [25] Fengjiu Sun, Junyou Liu, Yuling Yang et al.. Nitridation of iron by CW-CO2 laser nitriding technologies [J]. Materials Science & Engineering B, 2005, 122(1):29～33