Fig. 1. Structure and mode field distribution of new HC-ARF. (a) Structure; (b) mode field distribution at 1550 nm

Fig. 2. Plot of confinement loss versus wavelength for optimized parameters. (a) Different number of anti-resonant tubes N; (b) core diameter D; (c) anti-resonant tube thickness t; (d) large anti-resonant tube diameter d₁; (e) small anti-resonant tube diameter d₃; (f) large nested anti-resonant tube diameter d₂; (g) small nested anti-resonant tube diameter d₄

Fig. 3. Numerical results. (a) Plot of higher-order modes LP₁₁、LP₂₁, and LP₀₂ suppression ratios as a function of wavelength as a function of wavelength for different core diameters at 1550 nm with d₂/d₁=0.6 and d₄/d₁=0.25; (b) different d₂/d₁ corresponds to different modes' effective refractive indices with D=50 μm, d₄/d₁=0.25; (c) plot of suppression ratio and wavelength as a function of wavelength for different higher-order modes with D=50 μm, d₂/d₁=0.28, d₄/d₁=0.2

Fig. 4. Results under final optimized parameters. (a) R_ratio; (b) confinement loss, bending loss, and dispersion

Fig. 5. Anti-resonant tube deformation. (a) Deformation; (b) collapse; (c) rotation