Fig. 1. Schematic of experimental optical path and 3D map of microscope. (a) Schematic of optical path; (b) 3D map of microscope

Fig. 2. Schematic of beam transmission through splitter

Fig. 3. Influence of BS and polarization elements on polarization state of beam and interference fringe contrast of system. (a) Schematic of adjusting incident beam via DW and polarization state change; (b) schematic of splitting of incident beam into two beams via BS and polarization state change of beams; (c) schematic of adjusting incident two beams via polarizer and polarization state change; (d) object light intensity and reference light intensity versus θ′；(e) fringe contrast versus θ′

Fig. 4. Experimental results of polystyrene microsphere at different optical separation distances

Fig. 5. Experimental results of polystyrene microsphere obtained under different light intensity ratios of reference light and object light

Fig. 6. Experimental results of polystyrene microsphere. (a) Hologram; (b) magnified image of red border area in Fig. 6(a)；(c) spectrum; (d) phase diagram; (e) microsphere thickness curve measured along white line of Fig. 6(d)

Fig. 7. Experimental results of USAF1951 resolution board. (a) Hologram; (b) magnified image of red border area in|Fig. 7(a); (c) spectrum; (d) amplitude image

Fig. 8. Experimental results of onion epidermal cells. (a) Hologram; (b) magnified image of red border area in Fig. 8(a); (c) spectrum; (d) amplitude image; (e) three-dimensional diagram; (f) onion thickness curves measured along solid line and dotted line in Fig.8(e)