Fig. 1. Development history of inorganic long-afterglow materials

Fig. 2. Structural diagram of Sr₂MgSi₂O₇

Fig. 3. Long-afterglow luminescence models. (a) Hole transfer model based on SrAl₂O₄∶Eu^2＋,Dy^3＋[33-34]; (b) energy transfer model based on CaAl₂O₄∶Eu^2＋,Dy^3＋[35]; (c) electron trap model based on aluminate and silicate^[37-38]; (d) oxygen vacancy model^[39-40]

Fig. 4. Applications of long-afterglow materials in bio-imaging detection^[61]. (a) Design diagram of design for AA detection using CoOOH-long-afterglow nanoparticles (PLNPs); (b) (c) optical image detection of AA-treated mice with CoOOH-PLNPs nanoprobe

Fig. 5. Schematic illustration of charge transfer in round-the-clock photocatalyst^[67]

Fig. 6. Schematic diagram of Sr₂MgSi₂O₇∶Eu²⁺,Dy³⁺ long-afterglow phosphor-assisted photocatalytic reaction^[68]

Fig. 7. Mechanism of Sr₂MgSi₂O₇∶Eu^2＋, Dy^3＋ involved in photocatalytic reaction process^[69]. (a) Diagrams of energy-level and photogenerated electron transfer process; (b) X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy spectra of Eu 3d before and after photocatalytic reaction; (c) X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy spectra of Dy 3d and Dy 4d before photocatalytic reaction; (d) X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy spectra of Dy 3d and Dy 4d after photocatalytic reaction