Chinese Optics Letters, Volume. 22, Issue 6, 062501(2024)
Concentration sensing system with monolithic InGaN/GaN photonic chips
Figures & Tables(7)
Fig. 1. (a)–(d) Schematic diagram of the sample preparation process. (e) CCD image of the actual sample. (f)–(h) The enlarged individual device structure of each step. (i) Schematic diagram of the liquid concentration sensor module and (j) the principle of the sensing system.
Fig. 2. EL properties of the InGaN/GaN LED as an emitter. (a) I-V and polarization properties. (b) Drive current-related EL spectra. (c) Coordinates in the CIE 1931 chromaticity diagram. (d) Spectral responsibility and normalized EL.
Fig. 3. (a) I-V curves and (b) photocurrent variation with different currents of the LED. (c) Transient photoresponse. (d) PD number-related and (e) distance-related photocurrent. The inset is the experimental setup.
Fig. 4. (a) Actual photograph of the sensor module. (b) EL and absorption spectra of the InGaN/GaN LED. (c) Position-related EL properties of the InGaN/GaN LED. (d) Position-related absorption spectra of the methyl orange in the cuvette.
Fig. 5. (a) Photocurrent variation under different emitter currents and methyl orange-induced photocurrent variations of the sensing module. (b),(c) Photocurrent variation at different liquid concentrations with double PDs and different coupling situations. (d) Relationship between photocurrent and concentration and linear fitting. The inset shows the corresponding experimental diagram.
Fig. 6. (a) Circuit board diagram, (b) actual image, and (c) data processing flow chart of the concentration sensing demo prototype. The inset shows the actual image of the sensing module. (d) Relationship between the photocurrent and collected ADC voltage. (e) Relationship between concentration and collected ADC voltage. (f) Real-time display of the system working status.
Table 1. Comparison of the Proposed Liquid Concentration Sensor and Previously Reported Ones
View tableView in ArticleTable 1. Comparison of the Proposed Liquid Concentration Sensor and Previously Reported Ones
Sensor Type Tested Object Sensitivity Concentration Range Effective Area Signal Strength Monolithic optoelectronic chip[ 33 ]NaCl 2606 nA/(mol/L) 0–6 mol/L 1 mm × 1 mm 0–15.58 µA Monolithic optoelectronic chip[ 34 ]Glucose – 5%–40% 1 mm × 1 mm 8.7–8.545 µA Spectral analysis[ 35 ]Engine oil – 0–7 g/dL Diameter 3 mm −0.04–0.83 V Monolithic optoelectronic chip[ 36 ]Nitrite 0.6 nA/(mg/L) 0.2–1.2 mg/L 12.5 mm × 12.5 mm – Microwave[ 37 ]NaCl 400 Hz/(mg/L) 1%–5% 7 cm2 11.427–11.414 GHz This work Methyl orange 13 nA/(mg/L) 0–40 µmol/L 1 mm × 1 mm 3.645–4.052 V
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Feifei Qin, Xueyao Lu, Yang Chen, Xumin Gao, Yue Cao, Lei Zhang, Junfeng Lu, Xiaoxuan Wang, Gangyi Zhu, Yongjin Wang, "Concentration sensing system with monolithic InGaN/GaN photonic chips," Chin. Opt. Lett. 22, 062501 (2024)
Paper Information
Category: Optoelectronics
Received: Jan. 12, 2024
Accepted: Feb. 23, 2024
Published Online: Jun. 24, 2024
The Author Email: Feifei Qin (qinfeifei@njupt.edu.cn), Xiaoxuan Wang (wxxseu@seu.edu.cn), Yongjin Wang (wangyj@njupt.edu.cn)
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