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Laser & Optoelectronics Progress, Volume. 55, Issue 3, 030002(2018)

Review on Splicing Structure Technology of Large Aperture Space Primary Mirror

Xupeng Li1,2, Jinfeng Shi1, Wei Wang1, Yongjie Wang1, and Xuewu Fan1、*
Author Affiliations
  • 1 Space Optics Application Laboratory, Xi'an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, China
  • 2 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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    AbstractGet PDF(in Chinese)
    Figures&Tables (25)
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    References (39)
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    Figures & Tables(25)
    (a) 8 m non-splicing large aperture camera; (b) ATLAST-9.2 m; (c) ATLAST-16.8 m

    Fig. 1. (a) 8 m non-splicing large aperture camera; (b) ATLAST-9.2 m; (c) ATLAST-16.8 m

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    SMT

    Fig. 2. SMT

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    JWST

    Fig. 3. JWST

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    SMT stored in Naval Postgraduate School of USA

    Fig. 4. SMT stored in Naval Postgraduate School of USA

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    Back composition introduction of JWST PM unit mirror

    Fig. 5. Back composition introduction of JWST PM unit mirror

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    Detail map of the ROC actuator of JWST

    Fig. 6. Detail map of the ROC actuator of JWST

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    Assembly of optical componentsand backplane of JWST

    Fig. 7. Assembly of optical componentsand backplane of JWST

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    ALMOST program based on SPHERES on-orbit assembly

    Fig. 8. ALMOST program based on SPHERES on-orbit assembly

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    OPTIIX program based on ISS on-orbit assembly

    Fig. 9. OPTIIX program based on ISS on-orbit assembly

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    ALMOST project assembly process in ISS. SPHERES aircraft plays the role of (a) base; (b) dock; (c) monitor

    Fig. 10. ALMOST project assembly process in ISS. SPHERES aircraft plays the role of (a) base; (b) dock; (c) monitor

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    SPHERES for ground tests

    Fig. 11. SPHERES for ground tests

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    Schematic of UDP composition

    Fig. 12. Schematic of UDP composition

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    OPTIIX telescope and its modules

    Fig. 13. OPTIIX telescope and its modules

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    Fabricated PM structure component and areal density fabricated by AHM technology

    Fig. 14. Fabricated PM structure component and areal density fabricated by AHM technology

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    Construction OPTIIX PM module

    Fig. 15. Construction OPTIIX PM module

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    MAST using modular SM groups for PM on-orbit assembly

    Fig. 16. MAST using modular SM groups for PM on-orbit assembly

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    Schematic of distributed space optical telescope formation flight

    Fig. 17. Schematic of distributed space optical telescope formation flight

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    Flow chart of PM module installation of RAMST project

    Fig. 18. Flow chart of PM module installation of RAMST project

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    General assembly flow chart of the deployable splicing optical system

    Fig. 19. General assembly flow chart of the deployable splicing optical system

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    • Table 1. Comparison of deployable splicing PM and Hubble PM

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      Table 1. Comparison of deployable splicing PM and Hubble PM

      ItemHubble PMDeployable splicing PM
      Diameter/m2.4>8
      RequirementRigid, heavyDeployable, thin,active, light
      DeliveryOverall launchOverall, batch-wise launch
      Wavelengthrange /nm100-2500600-28000
      Resolution0.05″@500 nm0.05″@2 μm

    • Table 2. Design scheme of deployable splicing PM in the world

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      Table 2. Design scheme of deployable splicing PM in the world

      InternationalresearchMirrorconfigurationAssemblyformEffectivediameter /mMirror segments andflat-to-flat size/m
      SMTOn-orbit deployedGround assembly36×1
      ALMOSTOn-orbit splicedSPHERES formationflight and docking0.766×0.3
      OPTIIXOn-orbit splicedInternational Space Station (ISS)Canada II arm assembly1.56×0.5
      JWSTOn-orbit deployedTwo wings deployed6.518×1.3
      ATLAST-9.2mOn-orbit deployedTwo wings deployed9.236×1.3
      ATLAST-16.8mOn-orbit deployedTwo wings deployed16.836×2.4
      MASTOn-orbit splicedRobot arms and astronautsextravehicular activities (EVA)20168×1.3
      RAMSTOn-orbit distributedRobot autonomous assemblyPM and SM formation flight1005016×0.675

    • Table 3. JWST PM unit mirror parameters

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      Table 3. JWST PM unit mirror parameters

      ItemParameter
      Unit mirror mass /kg40
      Environment temperature /K45
      Root mean square (RMS) /nm<23.5
      Consistency-0.9967±0.0005
      Actuator6 DOF adjustment
      Radius of curvature /mm15879.7
      Absolute error /mm±1
      Processing matching degree /mm±0.150 (on average)
      Post-launch match /mm±0.010
      Range of actuator /mm±10
      Adjustment resolution /mm0.0004
      Mirror deformation causedby curvature adjustment24 nm RMS /(mm) ROC

    • Table 4. SPHERES structural parameters

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      Table 4. SPHERES structural parameters

      ItemParameter
      Dimension /m0.25
      Mass /kg3.1
      Max linear acceleration /(m·s-2)0.17
      Max angular acceleration /(rad·s-2)3.5
      Battery duration /min90
      Data communication speed /(kbit·s-1)115.2
      Power /W7
      Docking resolution±2.5 mm; ±1.0°

    • Table 5. UDP parameters

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      Table 5. UDP parameters

      UDP propertyParameter
      Dimension /(cm×cm×cm)15.5×11.5×8
      Mass /kg0.47
      Protruding pin length /cm3.2
      Entrance hole diameter /cm1.4
      Max docking range /cm~10
      Time for final capture /s2-5
      Time to lock /s<2
      Camera mass /g12
      Camera resolution /(pixel×pixel)2592×1944
      Camera frames per second30
      Camera shutterRolling

    • Table 6. Material properties of optical materials

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      Table 6. Material properties of optical materials

      MaterialDensity ρ /(g·cm-3)Young's modulusE /GPaPoisson ratioυCTE /(10-6·℃-1)Specificstiffness E /ρExample of mirrorareal density /(kg·m-2)
      Ultra-low-expansionglass2.205670.180.0330180 (2.4 m HST)
      Be-made mirror1.8502870.0811.315510 (6.5 m JWST)
      AHM2.9203100.142.4431.120(1 m AHM)
      Al-made mirror2.700680.3323.62514
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    Xupeng Li, Jinfeng Shi, Wei Wang, Yongjie Wang, Xuewu Fan. Review on Splicing Structure Technology of Large Aperture Space Primary Mirror[J]. Laser & Optoelectronics Progress, 2018, 55(3): 030002

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    Paper Information

    Category: General

    Received: Jul. 31, 2017

    Accepted: --

    Published Online: Sep. 10, 2018

    The Author Email: Xuewu Fan (fanxuewu@opt.ac.cn)

    DOI:10.3788/LOP55.030002

    Topics

    laser devices and laser physics
    Lasers and Laser Optics
    Laser physics
    laser manufacturing
    Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology