[1] [1] D. Strickland and G. Mourou, Opt. Commun. 56, 219 (1985).

[2] [2] P. Maine, D. Strickland, P. Bado, M. Pessot, and G. Mourou, IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 24, 398 (1988).

[3] [3] M. Lenzner, C. Spielmann, E. Wintner, F. Krausz, and A. J. Schmidt, Opt. Lett. 20, 1397 (1995).

[4] [4] S. Backus, J. Peatross, C. P. Huang, M. Murnane, and H. C. Kapteyn, Opt. Lett. 20, 2000 (1995).

[5] [5] C. P. J. Barty, T. Guo, C. Le Blanc, F. Raksi, C. Rose- Petruck, J. Squier, K. R. Wilson, V. V. Yakovlev, and K. Yamakawa, Opt. Lett. 21, 668 (1996).

[6] [6] A. Galvanauskas, M. E. Fermann, K. Sugden, and I. Bennion, Appl. Phys. Lett. 66, 1053 (1995).

[7] [7] M. Asobe, T. Ohara, T. Kaino, and I. Yokonama, Electron. Lett. 32, 1396 (1996).

[8] [8] C. Meneghini, J. F. Viens, A. Villeneuve, E. J. Knystautas, and M. A. Dugury, J. Opt. Soc. Am. B, 15, 1305 (1998).

[9] [9] Ramachandran, S. G. Bishop, J. P. Guo, and D. I. Brady, IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 8, 1041 (1996).

[10] [10] K. Tanaka, N. Toyosawa, and H. Hisakuni, Opt. Lett. 20, 1976 (1995).

[11] [11] C. Meneghini and A. Villeneuve, J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 15, 2946 (1998).

[12] [12] L. A. Weller-Brophy and D. G. Hall, J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 2, 863 (1985).

[13] [13] C. Q. Wu, Optical Waveguide Theory (in Chinese) (Tsinghua University Press, Beijing, 2000) p. 103.