To address the need for precise interval control in the stacking assembly of multilayer diffractive optical waveguide lenses for augmented reality optical modules， this study proposes a method utilizing hollow glass microspheres. Theoretical calculations and optical simulations are first conducted to determine the permissible interval error for achieving optimal imaging quality， establishing a foundation for practical implementation. Hollow glass microspheres with specific particle size distributions are obtained through an advanced sorting process， employing custom-designed sieving equipment to ensure high precision. These microspheres function as an ultra-precision standard material for interval control during assembly， critically maintaining the required spacing between lenses. A self-developed high-precision stacking system is employed to conduct assembly experiments. The results indicate that the sorted microspheres exhibit uniform morphology and a narrow particle size distribution， with an average diameter of 38.36 μm and a standard deviation of 1.60 μm. Interval error verification of 50 stacked samples reveals that 62% meet the criteria for high-quality imaging， while 98% satisfy basic imaging requirements. The proposed precision interval control method effectively ensures the stacking assembly of multilayer diffractive optical waveguide lenses adheres to the specified error range， thereby achieving the desired imaging quality and demonstrating significant potential for practical applications.