Fig. 1. (Color online) Experimental setup. BS, beam splitter; DM, dichroic mirror; IF, interference filter; A-lens, aspheric lens; PM, power meter; WG, waveguide. The red line represents the 880 nm laser, the gray line represents the 935 nm laser, and the blue line represents the 453 nm pump laser. DMs are used here to combine the 935 nm laser and the 880 nm laser together.

Fig. 2. Relation between the 453 nm laser output and the temperature of the PPLN waveguide.

Fig. 3. Relation between the output power of the generated 453 nm laser with input power of the 935 nm laser. Here, the input power of the 880 nm laser is 12 mW, and the biggest power of the 935 nm laser is 48 mW.

Fig. 4. Relation between the conversion efficiency and the input power of the 935 nm laser.

Fig. 5. Measurement of the long-term stability of the generated blue laser.