Fig. 1. Schematic diagram of underwater formation model

Fig. 2. Flowchart of HSV-CIELAB classification equalization and minimum convolution area DCP

Fig. 3. CIELAB color equalization results. (a) RGB channel grayscale of raw image; (b) RGB channel grayscale of balanced image

Fig. 4. Comparison of LAB histograms of images. (a) Channel L of raw image; (b) channel a of raw image; (c) channel b of raw image; (d) channel L of balanced image; (e) channel a of balanced image; (f) channel b of balanced image

Fig. 5. Composite false color image

Fig. 6. Backlight estimation. (a) Original image; (b) dark channel Dx; (c) convolution image Gx

Fig. 7. Example of backlight estimation with minimum convolution area DCP algorithm

Fig. 8. Comparison of visual results of different algorithms. (a) (b) High-saturation distorted images; (c) (d) low-saturation distortion images; (e) (f) shallow water images

Fig. 9. Enhancement results of different algorithms and comparison with reference images. (a) (b) (c) High-saturation distorted images; (d) (e) (f) (g) (h) low-saturation distorted images; (i) shallow water image