Effectively Enhanced Yellow Light Emission of Y3+‑Doped Dy3+/Tb3+∶Na5Lu9F32 Single Crystals (Invited)

Enbo Zhao; Haiping Xia; Xiong Zhou; Lizhi Fang; Liangbi Su; Baojiu Chen

doi:10.3788/CJL250943

Chinese Journal of Lasers, Volume. 52, Issue 18, 1803037(2025)

Effectively Enhanced Yellow Light Emission of Y³⁺‑Doped Dy³⁺/Tb³⁺∶Na₅Lu₉F₃₂ Single Crystals (Invited)

Enbo Zhao¹, Haiping Xia^1、*, Xiong Zhou^1、**, Lizhi Fang², Liangbi Su², and Baojiu Chen³

Author Affiliations

¹School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang , China

²State Key Laboratory of Functional Crystals and Devices, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201899, China

³Department of Physics, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, Liaoning , China

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Figures & Tables(14)

Fig. 1. NLF crystal cell structure and physical maps. (a) Unit cell structure of NLF; (b) schematic diagram of Dy³⁺/Tb³⁺/Y³⁺ ions replacing Lu³⁺; (c) photographs of grown single crystals and polished wafers

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Fig. 2. XRD patterns. (a) Standard XRD card of NLF single crystal (JCPD 27-0725); (b)‒(f) XRD patterns of NLF-Dy, NLF-DT, NLF-DTY1, NLF-DTY2, and NLF-DTY4 single crystals; (g) partial magnification of the XRD patterns

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Fig. 3. Rietveld refinement results of different single crystals. (a) NLF-Dy; (b) NLF-DT; (c) NLF-DTY1; (d) NLF-DTY4

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Fig. 4. Absorption spectra of NLF-Dy, NLF-DT, and NLF-DTY1 single crystals

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Fig. 5. Emission spectrum. (a) Comparison of emission spectra of NLF-Dy, NLF-DT, NLF-DTY1, NLF-DTY2, and NLF-DTY4 single crystals under 453 nm excitation; (b) variations of emission intensities of 487 nm and 573 nm with doping concentration of Y³⁺ ions

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Fig. 6. Chromaticity diagram of NLF-Dy, NLF-DT, NLF-DTY1, NLF-DTY2, and NLF-DTY4 single crystals (λ_ex=453 nm)

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Fig. 7. Energy level diagram of Dy³⁺, Tb³⁺ and Y³⁺ ions

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Fig. 8. Fluorescence lifetime spectra. (a) Fluorescence lifetime decay curves of Dy³⁺:⁴F_9/2→⁶H_13/2 energy level; (b) lifetime and energy transfer efficiency η₁of Dy³⁺:⁴F_9/2→⁶H_13/2 as a function of Y³⁺ doping concentration

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Fig. 9. Emission and absorption cross sections. (a) Comparison of emission cross sections of NLF-DT, NLF-DTY1, NLF-DTY2, and NLF-DTY4 single crystals; (b) comparison of absorption cross sections of NLF-DT, NLF-DTY1, NLF-DTY2, and NLF-DTY4 single crystals; (c) emission cross section and absorption cross section comparisons between NLF-DT, NLF-DTY1, NLF-DTY2, NLF-DTY4 single crystals and other Dy³⁺ -doped materials

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Table 1. Refined crystal data

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Table 1. Refined crystal data

Sample	Lattice constant （a=b=c） /Å	Cell volume V /Å³	R_p /%	R_wp /%
NLF-Dy	5.4318	160.2623	4.39	6.17
NLF-DT	5.4313	160.2465	4.15	8.08
NLF-DTY1	5.4432	161.2961	5.72	8.32
NLF-DTY2	5.4436	161.3232	6.05	9.27
NLF-DTY4	5.4454	161.3364	6.78	9.48

Table 2. J‒O intensity parameters of NLF-Dy, NLF-DT, NLF-DTY1, NLF-DTY2, and NLF-DTY4 single crystals, as well as other Dy³⁺ doped materials

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Table 2. J‒O intensity parameters of NLF-Dy, NLF-DT, NLF-DTY1, NLF-DTY2, and NLF-DTY4 single crystals, as well as other Dy³⁺ doped materials

Crystal	Ω₂ / （10^-20 cm）	Ω₄ / （10^-20 cm）	Ω₆ / （10^-20 cm）	Reference
NLF-Dy	1.89	1.09	2.61	This work
NLF-DT	3.30	1.75	2.54
NLF-DTY1	3.52	2.08	2.63
NLF-DTY2	3.64	2.01	2.72
NLF-DTY4	3.98	1.98	2.58
Dy³⁺∶SrF₂	0.56	1.49	2.23	［5］
Dy³⁺∶Y₃Al₅O₁₂	0.20	1.11	1.46	［7］
Dy³⁺∶GdScO₃	2.74	2.52	0.94	［20］

Table 3. Experimental oscillator strength (f_exp) and theoretical oscillator strength (f_cal) of NLF-Dy, NLF-DT, NLF-DTY1, NLF-DTY2, and NLF-DTY4 single crystals

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Table 3. Experimental oscillator strength (f_exp) and theoretical oscillator strength (f_cal) of NLF-Dy, NLF-DT, NLF-DTY1, NLF-DTY2, and NLF-DTY4 single crystals

Transition	NLF-Dy		NLF-DT		NLF-DTY1		NLF-DTY2		NLF-DTY4
Transition	f_exp /10^-6	f_cal /10^-6	f_exp /10^-6	f_cal /10^-6	f_exp /10^-6	f_cal /10^-6	f_exp /10^-6	f_cal /10^-6	f_exp /10^-6	f_cal /10^-6
RMS Δf	0.12×10^-6		0.29×10^-6		0.35×10^-6		0.26×10^-6		0.21×10^-6
⁶H_15/2→⁴I_15/2	0.353	0.355	0.395	0.402	0.371	0.414	0.362	0.408	0.358	0.336
⁶H_15/2→⁶F_3/2	0.191	0.184	0.141	0.197	0.196	0.201	0.176	0.192	0.163	0.160
⁶H_15/2→⁶F_5/2	1.172	0.978	1.42	1.046	1.51	1.125	1.231	1.076	1.196	1.105
⁶H_15/2→⁶F_7/2	1.874	1.962	1.654	2.169	1.732	2.213	1.615	2.053	1.636	1.536
⁶H_15/2→⁶H_7/2+⁶F_9/2	2.081	2.069	2.899	2.462	3.125	2.638	2.552	2.344	2.332	2.132
⁶H_15/2→⁶H_9/2+⁶F_11/2	2.568	2.567	3.312	4.406	3.518	4.836	3.268	3.651	3.314	2.982

Table 4. Radiative transition probability (A_rad) and radiative lifetime (τ_rad) of Dy³⁺ in NLF-Dy, NLF-DT, NLF-DTY1, NLF-DTY2, and NLF-DTY4 single crystals

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Table 4. Radiative transition probability (A_rad) and radiative lifetime (τ_rad) of Dy³⁺ in NLF-Dy, NLF-DT, NLF-DTY1, NLF-DTY2, and NLF-DTY4 single crystals

Transition	A_rad /s^-1
Transition	NLF-Dy	NLF-DT	NLF-DTY1	NLF-DTY2	NLF-DTY4
⁴F_9/2→⁶F_1/2	0.04	0.06	0.05	0.05	0.04
⁴F_9/2→⁶F_3/2	0.11	0.12	0.12	0.12	0.11
⁴F_9/2→⁶F_5/2	2.43	2.82	2.72	2.56	2.41
⁴F_9/2→⁶F_7/2	3.02	3.81	3.68	3.54	3.32
⁴F_9/2→⁶H_5/2	1.61	2.64	2.37	2.14	2.08
⁴F_9/2→⁶H_7/2+⁶F_9/2	11.32	14.28	15.31	12.38	11.85
⁴F_9/2→⁶H_9/2+⁶F_11/2	14.32	19.93	19.56	16.32	15.36
⁴F_9/2→⁶H_11/2	23.66	37.41	39.26	31.18	30.24
⁴F_9/2→⁶H_13/2	242.04	315.75	320.38	267.42	256.46
⁴F_9/2→⁶H_15/2	124.75	126.12	122.46	124.92	122.53
⁶H_13/2→⁶H_15/2	24.42	27.83	26.52	25.65	25.17
Transition	τ_rad /ms
Transition	NLF-Dy	NLF-DT	NLF-DTY1	NLF-DTY2	NLF-DTY4
⁴F_9/2→⁶H_13/2	2.23	1.78	1.98	2.05	2.12
⁶H_13/2→⁶H_15/2	40.95	33.93	35.62	36.74	38.32

Table 5. Chromaticity coordinates and color purity of NLF-Dy, NLF-DT, NLF-DTY1, NLF-DTY2 and NLF-DTY4 single crystals
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Table 5. Chromaticity coordinates and color purity of NLF-Dy, NLF-DT, NLF-DTY1, NLF-DTY2 and NLF-DTY4 single crystals
Sample x y CP /%
NLF-Dy 0.3667 0.4152 46.2
NLF-DT 0.3842 0.4131 36.4
NLF-DTY1 0.3782 0.4326 47.8
NLF-DTY2 0.3991 0.4258 52.1
NLF-DTY4 0.3865 0.4543 49.6

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Enbo Zhao, Haiping Xia, Xiong Zhou, Lizhi Fang, Liangbi Su, Baojiu Chen. Effectively Enhanced Yellow Light Emission of Y³⁺‑Doped Dy³⁺/Tb³⁺∶Na₅Lu₉F₃₂ Single Crystals (Invited)[J]. Chinese Journal of Lasers, 2025, 52(18): 1803037

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Paper Information

Category: Materials

Received: Jun. 13, 2025

Accepted: Jul. 14, 2025

Published Online: Sep. 17, 2025

The Author Email: Haiping Xia (hpxcm@nbu.edu.cn), Xiong Zhou (zhouxiong_nbu@163.com)

DOI:10.3788/CJL250943

CSTR:32183.14.CJL250943

Topics

laser devices and laser physics

Lasers and Laser Optics

Laser physics

laser manufacturing

Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology

Table 1. Refined crystal data

Table 1. Refined crystal data

Table 2. J‒O intensity parameters of NLF-Dy, NLF-DT, NLF-DTY1, NLF-DTY2, and NLF-DTY4 single crystals, as well as other Dy3+ doped materials

Table 2. J‒O intensity parameters of NLF-Dy, NLF-DT, NLF-DTY1, NLF-DTY2, and NLF-DTY4 single crystals, as well as other Dy3+ doped materials

Table 3. Experimental oscillator strength (fexp) and theoretical oscillator strength (fcal) of NLF-Dy, NLF-DT, NLF-DTY1, NLF-DTY2, and NLF-DTY4 single crystals

Table 3. Experimental oscillator strength (fexp) and theoretical oscillator strength (fcal) of NLF-Dy, NLF-DT, NLF-DTY1, NLF-DTY2, and NLF-DTY4 single crystals

Table 4. Radiative transition probability (Arad) and radiative lifetime (τrad) of Dy3+ in NLF-Dy, NLF-DT, NLF-DTY1, NLF-DTY2, and NLF-DTY4 single crystals

Table 4. Radiative transition probability (Arad) and radiative lifetime (τrad) of Dy3+ in NLF-Dy, NLF-DT, NLF-DTY1, NLF-DTY2, and NLF-DTY4 single crystals

Table 5. Chromaticity coordinates and color purity of NLF-Dy, NLF-DT, NLF-DTY1, NLF-DTY2 and NLF-DTY4 single crystals

Table 5. Chromaticity coordinates and color purity of NLF-Dy, NLF-DT, NLF-DTY1, NLF-DTY2 and NLF-DTY4 single crystals

Table 2. J‒O intensity parameters of NLF-Dy, NLF-DT, NLF-DTY1, NLF-DTY2, and NLF-DTY4 single crystals, as well as other Dy³⁺ doped materials

Table 2. J‒O intensity parameters of NLF-Dy, NLF-DT, NLF-DTY1, NLF-DTY2, and NLF-DTY4 single crystals, as well as other Dy³⁺ doped materials

Table 3. Experimental oscillator strength (f_exp) and theoretical oscillator strength (f_cal) of NLF-Dy, NLF-DT, NLF-DTY1, NLF-DTY2, and NLF-DTY4 single crystals

Table 3. Experimental oscillator strength (f_exp) and theoretical oscillator strength (f_cal) of NLF-Dy, NLF-DT, NLF-DTY1, NLF-DTY2, and NLF-DTY4 single crystals

Table 4. Radiative transition probability (A_rad) and radiative lifetime (τ_rad) of Dy³⁺ in NLF-Dy, NLF-DT, NLF-DTY1, NLF-DTY2, and NLF-DTY4 single crystals

Table 4. Radiative transition probability (A_rad) and radiative lifetime (τ_rad) of Dy³⁺ in NLF-Dy, NLF-DT, NLF-DTY1, NLF-DTY2, and NLF-DTY4 single crystals