Remote Sensing Technology and Application, Volume. 40, Issue 4, 990(2025)
Continuous Automatic Observation of Forest Canopy Structure Parameters based on Digital Hemispherical Photography
Figures & Tables(12)
Fig. 2. Automated observation system LAI-NOS for canopy structure parameters
Fig. 3. DHP data of four forest types and corresponding gap fraction calculation results（2020.03.19）
Fig. 4. Seasonal variation of gap fraction in four forest types in Qianyanzhou every 8 days（2020.09.18~2021.10.19）
Fig. 5. Seasonal variation of LAIeff and LAI in four forest types in Qianyanzhou every 8 days（2020.09.18~2021.10.19）
Fig. 6. Seasonal variation in clumping indices of four forest types under three solar zenith angles and mean clumping indices in Qianyanzhou every 8 days （2020.09.18~2021.10.19）
Fig. 7. CI values as a function of view zenith angles （2020.09.18~2021.10.19）
Table 1.
Plot Information View tableView in ArticleTable 1.
Plot Information 样地类型 经度/° E 纬度/° N 观测视场大小 主要树种 海拔/m 采样时间 采样时间间隔/min 观测日期 DBF 115.06 26.75 0~90° 栎类、苦楝、喜树、枫香 85 上午6:30~8:15
傍晚16:30~18:15
15 2020.09.18~
2021.10.19
EBF 115.06 26.75 0~90° 木荷 85 上午6:30~8:15
傍晚16:30~18:15
15 2020.09.18~
2021.08.29
ENF 115.06 26.75 0~90° 湿地松 85 上午6:30~8:15
傍晚16:30~18:15
15 2020.09.18~
2021.10.19
MF 115.06 26.75 0~90° 湿地松、木荷、栎类 85 上午6:30~8:15
傍晚16:30~18:15
15 2020.09.18~
2021.10.19
Table 2.
Camera parameters and descriptions View tableView in ArticleTable 2.
Camera parameters and descriptions 参数 描述 相机参数设置 通过软件脚本设置相机参数，保存在TF卡（TransFlash card）根目录下，支持修改 相机连接方式 数据线连接后自动进入U盘模式，方便访问TF卡内的数据 工作温度范围 -30 ℃~ 60 ℃ 防护等级 IP68 单张拍照时间 10 s 最大ISO 3 200 内置电池 3 100 m Ah高容量锂电池，最高电压4.2 V。充电输入5V/750 mA，5 h左右充满电 体积 95×95×80 mm 重量 约400 g 数据存储 使用TF卡存储，最大支持256 GB
Table 3.
Gap fraction measurement results of four forest types in Qianyanzhou in different seasons（2020.09.18~2021.08.29） View tableView in ArticleTable 3.
Gap fraction measurement results of four forest types in Qianyanzhou in different seasons（2020.09.18~2021.08.29） 林型 2020.09~2020.11 2021.12~2021.02 2021.03~2021.05 2021.06~2021.08 天顶角环[0°~10°,10°~20°,20°~30°,30°~40°,40°~50°,50°~60°] DBF [0.41,0.53,0.47,
0.44,0.38,0.33]
（0.05,0.11,0.09,
0.08,0.06,0.03）
[0.67,0.93,0.83,
0.79,0.67,0.45]
(0.06,0.06,0.06,
0.06,0.06,0.06)
[0.40,0.56,0.43,
0.41,0.37,0.37]
(0.19,0.22,0.26,
0.25,0.21,0.09)
[0.30,0.52,0.40,
0.29,0.23,0.27,]
(0.01,0.02,0.02,
0.02,0.02,0.01,)
EBF [0.21,0.30,0.24,
0.21,0.22,0.15]
（0.01,0.06,0.02,
0.01,0.01,0.01）
[0.20,0.20,0.23,
0.21,0.22,0.15]
(0.02,0.05,0.04,
0.02,0.01,0.01)
[0.20,0.22,0.19,
0.19,0.19,0.20]
(0.04,0.09,0.07,
0.05,0.05,0.07)
[0.15,0.13,0.15,
0.16,0.14,0.18,]
(0.01,0.02,0.01,
0.01,0.01,0.02)
ENF [0.44,0.61,0.55,
0.55,0.43,0.32]
（0.03,0.05,0.04,
0.03,0.03,0.02）
[0.37,0.58,0.46,
0.46,0.36,0.25]
(0.02,0.04,0.03,
0.03,0.02,0.02)
[0.39,0.61,0.52,
0.46,0.41,0.23]
(0.02,0.03,0.05,
0.02,0.03,0.01)
[0.38,0.62,0.52,
0.44,0.41,0.22,]
(0.02,0.04,0.03,
0.02,0.02,0.01)
MF [0.32,0.32,0.42,
0.38,0.32,0.19]
（0.03,0.04,0.03,
0.02,0.03,0.02）
[0.28,0.30,0.43,
0.39,0.28,0.15]
(0.01,0.04,0.04,
0.03,0.01,0.02)
[0.24,0.32,0.25,
0.21,0.22,0.20]
(0.03,0.06,0.05,
0.06,0.05,0.02)
[0.22,0.45,0.22,
0.18,0.20,0.19,]
(0.02,0.06,0.03,
0.02,0.02,0.02)
Table 4.
LAI<sub>eff</sub> and LAI for four forest types in Qianyanzhou in different seasons（2020.09.18~2021.08.29） View tableView in ArticleTable 4.
LAI<sub>eff</sub> and LAI for four forest types in Qianyanzhou in different seasons（2020.09.18~2021.08.29） 林型 2020.09~2020.11 2021.12~2021.02 2021.03~2021.05 2021.06~2021.08 LAIeff LAI LAIeff LAI LAIeff LAI LAIeff LAI DBF 1.16 （0.08） 1.62
（0.09）
0.81 （0.16） 1.04
（0.25）
1.10 （0.28） 1.65
（0.59）
1.43 （0.04） 2.33
（0.14）
EBF 2.01 （0.05） 3.05
（0.09）
2.01 （0.04） 3.22
（0.10）
1.83 （0.18） 2.69
（0.32）
1.91 （0.09） 2.85
（0.20）
ENF 1.20 （0.05） 1.68
（0.10）
1.42 （0.07） 2.11
（0.12）
1.54 （0.07） 2.19
（0.09）
1.58 （0.05） 2.28
(0.08)
MF 1.70 （0.09） 2.52
（0.15）
1.92 （0.15） 3.15
（0.38）
1.72 （0.10） 2.80
（0.19）
1.87 （0.09） 2.98
(0.17)
Table 5.
CI measurement results of four forest types in Qianyanzhou in different seasons（2020.09.18~2021.08.29） View tableView in ArticleTable 5.
CI measurement results of four forest types in Qianyanzhou in different seasons（2020.09.18~2021.08.29） 林型 2020.09~2020.11 2021.12~2021.02 2021.03~2021.05 2021.06~2021.08 天顶角环[0°~10°,10°~20°,20°~30°,30°~40°,40°~50°,50°~60°] DBF [0.80,0.77,0.74,
0.71,0.67,0.6]
(0.04,0.04,0.04,
0.04,0.06,0.08)
[0.92,0.88,0.85,
0.79,0.72,0.62]
(0.03,0.04,0.04,
0.05,0.05,0.07)
[0.73,0.72,0.71,
0.69,0.67,0.63]
(0.15,0.13,0.11,
0.09,0.07,0.07)
[0.60,0.61,0.61,
0.62,0.62,0.63]
(0.03,0.02,0.02,
0.02,0.03,0.03)
EBF [0.74,0.71,0.68,
0.65,0.62,0.58]
(0.02,0.02,0.01,
0.01,0.01,0.02)
[0.72,0.69,0.65,
0.62,0.58,0.53]
(0.02,0.02,0.02,
0.02,0.02,0.02)
[0.71,0.70,0.69,
0.68,0.66,0.65]
(0.04,0.03,0.03,
0.02,0.02,0.03)
[0.71,0.69,0.68,
0.67,0.65,0.64]
(0.02,0.02,0.01,
0.01,0.01,0.01)
ENF [0.75,0.74,0.72,
0.71,0.69,0.67]
(0.02,0.01,0.01,
0.01,0.01,0.01)
[0.68,0.68,0.68,
0.67,0.67,0.66]
(0.03,0.02,0.02,
0.02,0.01,0.02)
[0.74,0.73,0.71,
0.70,0.68,0.66]
(0.05,0.04,0.03,
0.03,0.02,0.02)
[0.77,0.74,0.72,
0.69,0.66,0.62]
(0.01,0.01,0.01,
0.01,0.01,.01)
MF [0.75,0.72,0.69,
0.67,0.63,0.60]
(0.02,0.01,0.01,
0.01,0.01,0.02)
[0.70,0.67,0.64,
0.60,0.57,0.53]
(0.04,0.04,0.04,
0.04,0.04,0.04)
[0.68,0.65,0.63,
0.61,0.58,0.55]
(0.03,0.02,0.01,
0.01,0.02,0.03)
[0.72,0.69,0.65,
0.62,0.58,0.54]
(0.03,0.02,0.01,
0.01,0.01,0.02)
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Yanguo FAN, Yuan LI, Sijia LI, Hongliang FANG. Continuous Automatic Observation of Forest Canopy Structure Parameters based on Digital Hemispherical Photography[J]. Remote Sensing Technology and Application, 2025, 40(4): 990
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Received: Oct. 14, 2024
Accepted: --
Published Online: Aug. 26, 2025
The Author Email: Hongliang FANG (fanghl@lreis.ac.cn)
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