Computer Engineering, Volume. 51, Issue 8, 120(2025)

Personalized Forgetting Modeling for Knowledge Tracing via Transformers

ZHANG Zhaoli1, LI Jiahao1, LIU Hai1,2、*, SHI Fobo1, and HE Jiawen1
Author Affiliations
  • 1Faculty of Artificial Intelligence in Education, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430000, Hubei, China
  • 2Shenzhen Research Institute of Central China Normal University, Shenzhen 518000, Guangdong, China
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    It is very difficult for traditional Knowledge Tracing (KT) models to model learners' knowledge state changes in long interaction sequences. This study introduces an attention mechanism model represented by a Transformer to capture potential information in learners' long interaction sequences that exhibits good performance. However, when modeling the learning process, existing models often ignore the differences in learners' abilities and focus mainly on the accumulation of knowledge mastery states, failing to fully model the forgetting benefit of learners. In this study, a Knowledge Tracing Method based on Personalized Forgetting Modeling (PFKT) is proposed that models learners' answering ability by introducing additional characteristic information and further explores learners' differentiated memory-forgetting ability. Specifically, this method starts with the historical interaction sequence of learners and comprehensively considers the acquisition and forgetting of knowledge points to capture the state of the learners' real knowledge mastery. Simultaneously, combined with additional characteristic information, personalized forgetting phenomenon modeling is realized more accurately. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed PFKT model achieves better performance than existing models on the ASSISTments2017 and Algebra 2005-2006 datasets.

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    ZHANG Zhaoli, LI Jiahao, LIU Hai, SHI Fobo, HE Jiawen. Personalized Forgetting Modeling for Knowledge Tracing via Transformers[J]. Computer Engineering, 2025, 51(8): 120

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    Paper Information

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    Received: Apr. 15, 2024

    Accepted: Aug. 26, 2025

    Published Online: Aug. 26, 2025

    The Author Email: LIU Hai (hailiu0204@ccnu.edu.cn)

    DOI:10.19678/j.issn.1000-3428.0069739

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