Fig. 1. Polarization selective absorption properties of graphene under total internal reflection conditions. (a) Schematic of sandwich structure containing graphene; (b) reflectivity curves of TE polarized light and TM polarized light

Fig. 2. 45° generalized column vector incident light focusing. (a) Polarization schematic diagram; (b) intensity of longitudinal electric field component; (c) intensity of radial electric field component; (d) intensity of angular electric field component; (e) width at diameter of radial electric field beam; (f) width at diameter of angular electric field beam

Fig. 3. Model of slim beam scanning multilayer medium

Fig. 4. Model of ideal slim beam scanning PS medium ball

Fig. 5. Model of 45° generalized cylindrical vector beam scanning PS medium ball

Fig. 6. Refractive index curves measured at diameter of ball scanned by different beams. (a) Refractive index curve measured at diameter of ball scanned by slim beam; (b) refractive index curve measured at diameter of ball scanned by 45° generalized cylindrical vector beam

Fig. 7. Deconvolution and theoretical simulation results. (a) Simulation results of ideal slim beam and generalized column vector beam sweeping over small ball 2; (b) result of ball 2 after eliminating influence of wide beam

Fig. 8. Optical path of focused graphene sensor imaging

Fig. 9. Characterization diagram of PS beads. (a) Microscope characterization diagram; (b) Coulter characterization diagram

Fig. 10. Result of optical system scanning 1^st PS ball. (a) Bright field diagram under optical system; (b) refractive index distribution obtained by scanning 1^st PS ball

Fig. 11. Deconvolution results of ball experiment. (a) Refractive index distribution obtained by scanning 2^nd PS ball by optical system; (b) refractive index distribution of PS ball after one-dimensional transverse deconvolution; (c) refractive index distribution of PS ball after two-dimensional transverse and longitudinal deconvolution; (d) refractive index curves measured at diameter of PS ball recovered by deconvolution