Fig. 1. (a) Schematic diagram for the color displaying of the designed metasurface consisting of rectangular nanohole arrays. (b) The transmittance changing with the length l and the width w of the nanohole and (c) with the separation d of two adjacent nanoholes and the wavelength λ of the illuminating light, where the inserted curves in (b) denote the transmission spectra with l=130  nm and w=60  nm and three incident polarization angles.

Fig. 2. Chromaticity coordinates of the structural colors in the CIE 1931 diagram for the periodic nanoholes etched on (a) glass and (c) PDMS substrates, and transmission spectra of the silver nanoholes deposited on (b) glass and (d) PDMS substrates, where the parameters (length/width/period) of the nanoholes and the colors are inserted at the right.

Fig. 3. Transmission spectra and structural colors of the periodic silver nanoholes deposited on (a) the glass substrate with and without PMMA coating and (b) the PDMS substrate with and without the stretch.

Fig. 4. (a) Schematic diagram for experimental setup. (b and f) The target patterns, the SEM images of two samples deposited on (c) glass, (g) the PDMS substrate, and (d and h) the measured color patterns of two samples, which are obtained when the incident polarization angle takes 90°. (e) The results with the first sample coated by PMMA, and (i) the second sample illuminated by the x polarized light are also given. The scale bars inserted in (b),(c),(f), and (g) are 5 μm.