Fig. 1. Schematic illustration of the fiber laser cavity and measurement setup.

Fig. 2. Stable breathing soliton state. (a) Average spectra recorded by an OSA. (b) Temporal evolution. (c) RF spectrum. (d) Spectral evolution.

Fig. 3. Buildup and soliton explosion of breathing soliton. Temporal evolution in (a) CW and (b) CCW directions. (c) Shot-to-shot spectral evolution. (d) Energy evolution.

Fig. 4. Intermittent soliton explosions in breathing soliton buildup process. (a), (b) Spectral evolution of two typical intermittent breathing soliton explosions. (c), (d) Energy evolution corresponding to (a) and (b), respectively. (e), (f) Spectral evolution corresponding to dashed rectangle in (c) and (d), respectively. (g), (h) Spectral cross-correlation map corresponding to (e) and (f), respectively.

Fig. 5. Transient breathing soliton pair induced by soliton explosion. (a) Temporal evolution in CW and CCW directions. (b) Shot-to-shot spectral evolution. (c) Zoom-in plot of (b). (d) Energy evolution.

Fig. 6. Breathing soliton explosion maneuvered by polarization. (a) Spectral evolution. (b) Zoom-in plot of dashed rectangle in (a). (c)–(e) Example spectra at RTs of 32,000, 33,820, and 34,020.

Fig. 7. Intensity histogram of the breathing soliton explosion. Dashed line indicates the SWH.