Fig. 1. (a) Colorful feathers of peacock; (b) magnified peacock feathers observed by electron microscope; (c) blue butterfly; (d) details of butterfly wing observed by electron microscope

Fig. 2. Photonic crystal fibers with different light guiding mechanisms. (a) Refractive index light-guided photonic crystal fiber; (b) photonic bandgap fiber; (c) anti-resonant light-guided fiber; (d) single-layer nodeless anti-resonant fiber

Fig. 3. Capillary stacking technology. (a) Cross section of hollow core microstructure optical fiber preform; (b) solid core fiber; (c) hollow core bandgap fiber; (d) multicore fiber

Fig. 4. (a) Cross section of hollow core photonic bandgap fiber; (b) cross section of fiber before pulse transmission; (c) cross section of fiber after pulse transmission

Fig. 5. Sagnac interferometer sensor based on side-leakage photonic crystal fiber

Fig. 6. Hollow core microstructure fiber used for supercontinuum generation. (a) Cross section of hollow core microstructure fiber; (b) supercontinuum spectrum

Fig. 7. Hollow core photonic bandgap fiber. (a) Hollow core photonic bandgap fiber with data transmission rate of 1.48 Tbit/s; (b) hollow core photonic bandgap fiber with data transmission rate of 73.7 Tbit/s; (c) hollow core photonic bandgap fiber with length of 11 km

Fig. 8. Dual-core nanomechanical optical fiber. (a)-(d) Dual-core nanomechanical optical fiber from the University of Southampton; (e)-(g) dual-parallel-glass fiber from the Max Planck Institute in Germany

Fig. 9. Preparation scheme of nanomechanical optical fiber preform

Fig. 10. Tunable optical cache design. (a) Dual-core with large distance; (b) dual-core with small distance; (c) dual-core in contact

Fig. 11. Optical switch design based on nanomechanical fiber. (a) Diagram of optical fiber, (b) mode coupling in dual-core; (c) core movement driven by electrostatic force

Fig. 12. Barometric sensing experiments of nanomechanical fibers. (a) Diagram of experimental device; (b) variation in light intensity with pressure

Fig. 13. Voltage sensing based on nanomechanical fiber. (a) Cross section of preform; (b) metal nanomechanical fiber; (c) diagram of voltage sensing experiment; (d) variation in light intensity with electrical power