Chinese Journal of Lasers, Volume. 51, Issue 18, 1801014(2024)
High-Sensitivity Sensors Based on Long-Period Gratings Inscribed in Tapered Few-Mode Fiber
Figures & Tables(11)
Fig. 1. Relationship between LPFG resonance wavelength and grating period obtained by experiment and simulation. (a) LP01-LP11 core mode; (b) LP01-LP21 core mode; (c) LP01-LP02 core mode; (d) LP01-LP12 cladding mode
Fig. 2. Transmission spectra and mode field distribution of tapered FMF LPFG. (a) Core mode in fibers with cone waist diameter of 100‒60 μm; (b) cladding mode in fibers with cone waist diameter of 50‒30 μm
Fig. 3. PDL characteristics of tapered FMF LPFGs with different waist diameters. (a) 100 μm; (b) 90 μm; (c) 80 μm; (d) 70 μm; (e) 60 μm; (f) 50 μm; (g) 40 μm; (h) 30 μm
Fig. 4. Comparison of temperature characteristics of LP11 core mode with different waist diameters
Fig. 5. Comparison of temperature characteristics of LP21 core mode with waist diameters of 100 μm and 90 μm
Fig. 6. Temperature characteristics of tapered FMF LPFGs with different waist diameters based on LP01-LP12 cladding mode coupling
Fig. 7. Refractive index characteristics of LPFGs based on LP01-LP12 cladding mode coupling for tapered waist diameter of 60‒20 μm. (a) Transmission spectra of tapered FMF LPFGs with waist diameter of 20 μm based on LP01-LP12 cladding mode coupling with different surrounding refractive index; (b) comparison of refractive index characteristics of LP12 cladding mode with different waist diameters
Fig. 8. Torsion characteristics of tapered FMF LPFGs with different waist diameters based on LP01-LP11 core mode coupling. (a) Transmission spectra of tapered FMF LPFGs with tapered waist diameter of 60 μm based on LP01-LP11 core mode coupling with different fiber torsion; (b) comparison of torsion characteristics of LP11 core mode with different waist diameters
Fig. 9. Torsion characteristics of tapered FMF LPFGs with different waist diameters based on LP01-LP21 core mode coupling. (a) Transmission spectra of tapered fiber LPFGs with waist diameter of 90 μm based on LP01-LP21 core mode coupling with different fiber torsion; (b) comparison of torsion characteristics of LP21 core molds with waist diameters of 100 μm and 90 μm
Fig. 10. Torsion characteristics of tapered FMF LPFGs with different waist diameters based on LP01-LP12 cladding mode coupling. (a) Transmission spectra of tapered fiber LPFGs with waist diameter of 30 μm based on LP01-LP12 cladding mode with different fiber torsion; (b) comparison of torsion characteristics of LP12 cladding modes with different waist diameters
Table 1. Summary and comparison of characteristics of different modes of tapered FMF LPFGs with different taper waist diameters
View tableTable 1. Summary and comparison of characteristics of different modes of tapered FMF LPFGs with different taper waist diameters
Mode order Waist diameter /μm Temperature sensitivity /
（pm·℃-1）
Refractive index sensitivity /（nm·RIU-1） Torsion sensitivity /
（nm·rad-1·m）
LP11 core 100 ‒ ‒ 0.32 LP11 core 90 ‒ ‒ 0.30 LP11 core 80 -51.6 ‒ 0.59 LP11 core 70 -61.5 ‒ 0.63 LP11 core 60 -83.8 ‒ 0.70 LP21 core 100 -52.7 ‒ 0.25 LP21 core 90 -60.7 ‒ 0.26 LP12 cladding 60 12.1 -345.7 -0.30 LP12 cladding 50 74.9 -657.4 -0.36 LP12 cladding 40 98.9 -3673.3 -0.53 LP12 cladding 30 105.1 -4632.4 -0.72 LP12 cladding 20 107.0 -12166.7 ‒
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Peng Wei, Yuehui Ma, Siyu Chen, Xiaolong Fan, Yunqi Liu. High-Sensitivity Sensors Based on Long-Period Gratings Inscribed in Tapered Few-Mode Fiber[J]. Chinese Journal of Lasers, 2024, 51(18): 1801014
Paper Information
Category: laser devices and laser physics
Received: May. 13, 2024
Accepted: Jun. 18, 2024
Published Online: Sep. 6, 2024
The Author Email: Liu Yunqi (yqliu@shu.edu.cn)
CSTR:32183.14.CJL240875
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