[1] CYL Cheung, CheungCYL, IkramMK, al SabanayagamCet, MK Ikram, CheungCYL, IkramMK, al SabanayagamCet, C Sabanayagam et al. Retinal microvasculature as a model to study the manifestations of hypertension. Hypertension, 60, 1094-1103(2012).

[2] HS Shi, ShiHS, KoronyoY, al FuchsDTet, Y Koronyo, ShiHS, KoronyoY, al FuchsDTet, DT Fuchs et al. Retinal capillary degeneration and blood-retinal barrier disruption in murine models of Alzheimer’s disease. Acta Neuropathol Commun, 8, 202(2020).

[3] AH Kashani, KashaniAH, ChenCL, al GahmJKet, CL Chen, KashaniAH, ChenCL, al GahmJKet, JK Gahm et al. Optical coherence tomography angiography: a comprehensive review of current methods and clinical applications. Prog Retin Eye Res, 60, 66-100(2017).

[4] RF Spaide, SpaideRF, FujimotoJG, al WaheedNKet, JG Fujimoto, SpaideRF, FujimotoJG, al WaheedNKet, NK Waheed et al. Optical coherence tomography angiography. Prog Retin Eye Res, 64, 1-55(2018).

[5] M Niederleithner, NiederleithnerM, L deSisternes, al StinoHet, Sisternes L de, NiederleithnerM, L deSisternes, al StinoHet, H Stino et al. Ultra-widefield OCT angiography. IEEE Trans Med Imaging, 42, 1009-1020(2023).

[6] DM Sampson, SampsonDM, DubisAM, al ChenFKet, AM Dubis, SampsonDM, DubisAM, al ChenFKet, FK Chen et al. Towards standardizing retinal optical coherence tomography angiography: a review. Light Sci Appl, 11, 63(2022).

[7] E Borrelli, BorrelliE, SarrafD, al FreundKBet, D Sarraf, BorrelliE, SarrafD, al FreundKBet, KB Freund et al. OCT angiography and evaluation of the choroid and choroidal vascular disorders. Prog Retin Eye Res, 67, 30-55(2018).

[8] BJ Vakoc, VakocBJ, LanningRM, al TyrrellJAet, RM Lanning, VakocBJ, LanningRM, al TyrrellJAet, JA Tyrrell et al. Three-dimensional microscopy of the tumor microenvironment in vivo using optical frequency domain imaging. Nat Med, 15, 1219-1223(2009).

[9] KC Liang, LiangKC, WangZ, al AhsenOOet, Z Wang, LiangKC, WangZ, al AhsenOOet, OO Ahsen et al. Cycloid scanning for wide field optical coherence tomography endomicroscopy and angiography in vivo. Optica, 5, 36-43(2018).

[10] SS Gao, GaoSS, JiaYL, al ZhangMet, YL Jia, GaoSS, JiaYL, al ZhangMet, M Zhang et al. Optical coherence tomography angiography. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 57, OCT27-OCT36(2016).

[11] J Ho, HoJ, DansK, Set YouQ, K Dans, HoJ, DansK, Set YouQ, Q S You et al. Comparison of 3 mm × 3 mm versus 6 mm × 6 mm optical coherence tomography angiography scan sizes in the evaluation of non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Retina, 39, 259-264(2019).

[12] W Choi, ChoiW, MoultEM, al WaheedNKet, EM Moult, ChoiW, MoultEM, al WaheedNKet, NK Waheed et al. Ultrahigh-speed, swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography in nonexudative age-related macular degeneration with geographic atrophy. Ophthalmology, 122, 2532-2544(2015).

[13] SB Ploner, PlonerSB, MoultEM, al ChoiWet, EM Moult, PlonerSB, MoultEM, al ChoiWet, W Choi et al. Toward quantitative optical coherence tomography angiography: visualizing blood flow speeds in ocular pathology using variable interscan time analysis. Retina, 36, S118-S126(2016).

[14] B Braaf, BraafB, GräfeMGO, al Uribe-PatarroyoNet, MGO Gräfe, BraafB, GräfeMGO, al Uribe-PatarroyoNet, N Uribe-Patarroyo et al. OCT-based velocimetry for blood flow quantification. High Resolution Imaging in Microscopy and Ophthalmology: New Frontiers in Biomedical Optics, 161-179(2019).

[15] J Tokayer, TokayerJ, JiaYL, al DhallaAHet, YL Jia, TokayerJ, JiaYL, al DhallaAHet, AH Dhalla et al. Blood flow velocity quantification using split-spectrum amplitude-decorrelation angiography with optical coherence tomography. Biomed Opt Express, 4, 1909-1924(2013).

[16] JP Su, SuJP, ChandwaniR, al GaoSSet, R Chandwani, SuJP, ChandwaniR, al GaoSSet, SS Gao et al. Calibration of optical coherence tomography angiography with a microfluidic chip. J Biomed Opt, 21, 086015(2016).

[17] WJ Choi, ChoiWJ, QinW, al ChenCLet, W Qin, ChoiWJ, QinW, al ChenCLet, CL Chen et al. Characterizing relationship between optical microangiography signals and capillary flow using microfluidic channels. Biomed Opt Express, 7, 2709-2728(2016).

[18] N Uribe-Patarroyo, Uribe-PatarroyoN, BoumaBE, BE Bouma. Velocity gradients in spatially resolved laser Doppler flowmetry and dynamic light scattering with confocal and coherence gating. Phys Rev E, 94, 022604(2016).

[19] N Uribe-Patarroyo, Uribe-PatarroyoN, VilligerM, BoumaBE, M Villiger, Uribe-PatarroyoN, VilligerM, BoumaBE, BE Bouma. Quantitative technique for robust and noise-tolerant speed measurements based on speckle decorrelation in optical coherence tomography. Opt Express, 22, 24411-24429(2014).

[20] MGO Gräfe, GräfeMGO, NadiarnykhO, JF DeBoer, O Nadiarnykh, GräfeMGO, NadiarnykhO, JF DeBoer, Boer JF De. Optical coherence tomography velocimetry based on decorrelation estimation of phasor pair ratios (DEPPAIR). Biomed Opt Express, 10, 5470-5485(2019).

[21] J Lee, LeeJ, WuWC, al JiangJYet, WC Wu, LeeJ, WuWC, al JiangJYet, JY Jiang et al. Dynamic light scattering optical coherence tomography. Opt Express, 20, 22262-22277(2012).

[22] T Durduran, DurduranT, ChoeR, al BakerWBet, R Choe, DurduranT, ChoeR, al BakerWBet, WB Baker et al. Diffuse optics for tissue monitoring and tomography. Rep Prog Phys, 73, 076701(2010).

[23] X Wei, WeiX, HormelTT, al PiSHet, TT Hormel, WeiX, HormelTT, al PiSHet, SH Pi et al. High dynamic range optical coherence tomography angiography (HDR-OCTA). Biomed Opt Express, 10, 3560-3571(2019).

[24] JL Yang, YangJL, SuJ, al WangJet, J Su, YangJL, SuJ, al WangJet, J Wang et al. Hematocrit dependence of flow signal in optical coherence tomography angiography. Biomed Opt Express, 8, 776-789(2017).

[25] B Braaf, BraafB, VermeerKA, al VienolaKVet, KA Vermeer, BraafB, VermeerKA, al VienolaKVet, KV Vienola et al. Angiography of the retina and the choroid with phase-resolved OCT using interval-optimized backstitched B-scans. Opt Express, 20, 20516-20534(2012).

[26] B Karamata, KaramataB, LaubscherM, al LeuteneggerMet, M Laubscher, KaramataB, LaubscherM, al LeuteneggerMet, M Leutenegger et al. Multiple scattering in optical coherence tomography. I. Investigation and modeling. J Opt Soc Am A Opt Image Sci Vis, 22, 1369-1379(2005).

[27] Y Kaizu, KaizuY, NakaoS, al SodaTet, S Nakao, KaizuY, NakaoS, al SodaTet, T Soda et al. Longer interscan times in OCT angiography detect slower capillary flow in diabetic retinopathy. Ophthalmol Sci, 2, 100181(2022).

[28] LB Liu, LiuLB, GardeckiJA, al NadkarniSKet, JA Gardecki, LiuLB, GardeckiJA, al NadkarniSKet, SK Nadkarni et al. Imaging the subcellular structure of human coronary atherosclerosis using micro–optical coherence tomography. Nat Med, 17, 1010-1014(2011).

[29] S Chen, ChenS, LiuXY, al WangNSet, XY Liu, ChenS, LiuXY, al WangNSet, NS Wang et al. Visualizing micro-anatomical structures of the posterior cornea with micro-optical coherence tomography. Sci Rep, 7, 10752(2017).

[30] J Yi, YiJ, LiuWZ, al ChenSYet, WZ Liu, YiJ, LiuWZ, al ChenSYet, SY Chen et al. Visible light optical coherence tomography measures retinal oxygen metabolic response to systemic oxygenation. Light Sci Appl, 4, e334(2015).

[31] S Chen, ChenS, GeX, al LiuXYet, X Ge, ChenS, GeX, al LiuXYet, XY Liu et al. Understanding optical reflectance contrast for real-time characterization of epithelial precursor lesions. Bioeng Transl Med, 4, e10137(2019).

[32] A Couturier, CouturierA, ReyPA, al ErginayAet, PA Rey, CouturierA, ReyPA, al ErginayAet, A Erginay et al. Widefield OCT-angiography and fluorescein angiography assessments of nonperfusion in diabetic retinopathy and edema treated with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor. Ophthalmology, 126, 1685-1694(2019).

[33] AY Chen, ChenAY, LiuL, al WangJet, L Liu, ChenAY, LiuL, al WangJet, J Wang et al. Measuring glaucomatous focal perfusion loss in the peripapillary retina using OCT angiography. Ophthalmology, 127, 484-491(2020).

[34] DY Cui, CuiDY, LiuXY, al ZhangJet, XY Liu, CuiDY, LiuXY, al ZhangJet, J Zhang et al. Dual spectrometer system with spectral compounding for 1-μm optical coherence tomography in vivo. Opt Lett, 39, 6727-6730(2014).

[35] RDS Shreesha, ShreeshaRDS, JensenM, al Grüner-NielsenLet, M Jensen, ShreeshaRDS, JensenM, al Grüner-NielsenLet, L Grüner-Nielsen et al. Shot-noise limited, supercontinuum-based optical coherence tomography. Light Sci Appl, 10, 133(2021).

[36] KC Liang, LiangKC, LiuXY, al ChenSet, XY Liu, LiangKC, LiuXY, al ChenSet, S Chen et al. Resolution enhancement and realistic speckle recovery with generative adversarial modeling of micro-optical coherence tomography. Biomed Opt Express, 11, 7236-7252(2020).

[37] JQ Hu et al. RSPSSL: a novel high-fidelity Raman spectral preprocessing scheme to enhance biomedical applications and chemical resolution visualization. Light Sci Appl, 13, 52(2024).

[38] X Ge, GeX, ChenS, al LinKet, S Chen, GeX, ChenS, al LinKet, K Lin et al. Deblurring, artifact-free optical coherence tomography with deconvolution-random phase modulation. Opto-Electron Sci, 3, 230020(2024).

[39] International Electrotechnical Commission . Safety of laser products - Part 1: Equipment classification, requirements, and user’s guide. IEC 60825–1 Edition 1.2(2001).

[40] K Schulmeister, SchulmeisterK, GilberR, al SeiserBet, R Gilber, SchulmeisterK, GilberR, al SeiserBet, B Seiser et al. Retinal thermal laser damage thresholds for different beam profiles and scanned exposure. Proc SPIE, 6844, 68441L(2008).

[41] ANSI . American National Standard for safe use of lasers (ANSI136. 1). ANSI 136.1–2000(2000).

[42] SH Yun, YunSH, TearneyGJ, al BoumaBEet, GJ Tearney, YunSH, TearneyGJ, al BoumaBEet, BE Bouma et al. High-speed spectral-domain optical coherence tomography at 1.3 µm wavelength. Opt Express, 11, 3598-3604(2003).

[43] R Leitgeb, LeitgebR, HitzenbergerCK, FercherAF, CK Hitzenberger, LeitgebR, HitzenbergerCK, FercherAF, AF Fercher. Performance of fourier domain vs. time domain optical coherence tomography. Opt Express, 11, 889-894(2003).

[44] L An, AnL, WangRK, RK Wang. In vivo volumetric imaging of vascular perfusion within human retina and choroids with optical micro-angiography. Opt Express, 16, 11438-11452(2008).

[45] M Wojtkowski, WojtkowskiM, SrinivasanVJ, al KoTHet, VJ Srinivasan, WojtkowskiM, SrinivasanVJ, al KoTHet, TH Ko et al. Ultrahigh-resolution, high-speed, Fourier domain optical coherence tomography and methods for dispersion compensation. Opt Express, 12, 2404-2422(2004).

[46] JJ Vos. A theory of retinal burns. Bull Math Biophys, 24, 115-128(1962).

[47] JA Zuclich, ZuclichJA, LundDJ, al EdsallPRet, DJ Lund, ZuclichJA, LundDJ, al EdsallPRet, PR Edsall et al. Laser-induced retinal damage threshold as a function of retinal image size. Proc SPIE, 3591, 335-343(1999).

[48] ES Beatrice, BeatriceES, FrischGD, GD Frisch. Retinal laser damage thresholds as a function of image diameter. Arch Environ Health Int J, 27, 322-326(1973).

[49] ANSI . Z80.36–2021 for Light Hazard Protection for Ophthalmic Instruments(2021).

[50] YL Jia, JiaYL, TanO, al TokayerJet, O Tan, JiaYL, TanO, al TokayerJet, J Tokayer et al. Split-spectrum amplitude-decorrelation angiography with optical coherence tomography. Opt Express, 20, 4710-4725(2012).

[51] AQ Zhang, ZhangAQ, ZhangQQ, al ChenCLet, QQ Zhang, ZhangAQ, ZhangQQ, al ChenCLet, CL Chen et al. Methods and algorithms for optical coherence tomography-based angiography: a review and comparison. J Biomed Opt, 20, 100901(2015).

[52] L An, AnL, QinJ, WangRK, J Qin, AnL, QinJ, WangRK, RK Wang. Ultrahigh sensitive optical microangiography for in vivo imaging of microcirculations within human skin tissue beds. Opt Express, 18, 8220-8228(2010).

[53] T Schmoll, SchmollT, BagheriniaH, RenHG, H Bagherinia, SchmollT, BagheriniaH, RenHG, HG Ren. OCTA flow signal enhancement by reducing residual structural signal. Invest Ophthalmol Visual Sci, 60, PB048(2019).

[54] D Richter, RichterD, FardAM, al StraubJet, AM Fard, RichterD, FardAM, al StraubJet, J Straub et al. Relative retinal flow velocity detection using optical coherence tomography angiography imaging. Biomed Opt Express, 11, 6710-6720(2020).

[55] ZD Chu, ChuZD, LinJ, al GaoCet, J Lin, ChuZD, LinJ, al GaoCet, C Gao et al. Quantitative assessment of the retinal microvasculature using optical coherence tomography angiography. J Biomed Opt, 21, 66008(2016).