Fig. 1. Schematics of different vortex beams. (a) Single vortex beam; (b) radial array vortex beams; (c) rectangular array vortex beams

Fig. 2. Ocean turbulence random phase screen obtained with different methods. (a) Power spectrum inversion method; (b) subharmonic compensation method

Fig. 3. Light field distributions at different transmission distances

Fig. 4. Phase distributions at different transmission distances

Fig. 5. Centroid wander contrast of the array vortex beams and the single vortex beam. (a) Variation of centroid wander with temperature salinity contribution ratio; (b) variation of centroid wander with transmission distance; (c) variation of centroid wander with turbulent flow energy dissipation rate; (d) variation of centroid wander with mean square temperature dissipation rate; (e) variation of centroid wander with waist width

Fig. 6. Beam width contrast of the array vortex beams and the single vortex beam. (a) Variation of beam width with temperature salinity contribution ratio; (b) variation of beam width with transmission distance; (c) variation of beam width with turbulent flow energy dissipation rate; (d) variation of beam width with mean square temperature dissipation rate; (e) variation of beam width with waist width

Fig. 7. Scintillation index contrast of the array vortex beams and the single vortex beam. (a) Variation of scintillation index with temperature salinity contribution ratio; (b) variation of scintillation index with transmission distance; (c) variation of scintillation index with turbulent flow energy dissipation rate; (d) variation of scintillation index with mean square temperature dissipation rate