Fig. 1. Layout of test device. (a) Groove size; (b) action point position between laser beam and wire

Fig. 2. Weld morphologies and weld cross-sectional morphologies

Fig. 3. Influences of Δh on weld formation

Fig. 4. Weld morphologies. (a) Metallographic diagram of weld cross section; (b) upper part of interface layer; (c) middle part of interface layer; (d) lower part of interface layer; (e) weld center area

Fig. 5. Surface scan results of elements. (a) Magnified view of interface layer; (b) distribution of Al element; (c) distribution of Si element; (d) distribution of Cu element

Fig. 6. X-ray diffraction analysis pattern in weld

Fig. 7. Microhardness distributions of joints

Fig. 8. Tensile strength of joints

Fig. 9. SEM images of tensile fractures. (a) Without grinding; (b) with grinding