Modeling In-band Pumped kW Level High-Power Tm-Doped Fiber Lasers via Simulations

Mengmeng Tao; Xisheng Ye; Jingfeng Ye; Ting Yu; Zhao Quan; Yunfeng Qi; Guobin Feng; Weibiao Chen

doi:10.3788/CJL202249.0101019

Chinese Journal of Lasers, Volume. 49, Issue 1, 0101019(2022)

Modeling In-band Pumped kW Level High-Power Tm-Doped Fiber Lasers via Simulations

Mengmeng Tao^1,2、**, Xisheng Ye^1、*, Jingfeng Ye², Ting Yu¹, Zhao Quan¹, Yunfeng Qi¹, Guobin Feng², and Weibiao Chen¹

¹Shaihai Key Laboratory of All Solid-State Laser and Applied Techniques, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China

²State Key Laboratory of Laser Interaction with Matter, Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710024, China

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Figures & Tables(12)

Fig. 2. Algorithm diagram for simulation of TMI threshold and outer cladding damage threshold

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Fig. 3. Pump absorption with a constant nominal total absorption. (a) Forward pump distribution; (b) total absorption of pump

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Fig. 4. Power limitation of Tm-doped fiber laser at 1570 nm pump

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Fig. 5. Power limitation of Tm-doped fiber laser at 1910 nm pump. (a) Core pump; (b) pedestal pump

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Table 1. Parameters used in the simulation

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Table 1. Parameters used in the simulation

Parameter	Value	Parameter	Value
Core radius, r₁	12.5 μm	Inner cladding radius, r₂	125 μm
Pedestal radius, r_p	22.5 μm	Outer cladding radius, r₃	200 μm
Heat conductivity of the core and the inner cladding，k₁，k₂	1.38 W·m^－1·K^－1	Heat conductivity of the outer cladding, k₃	0.2 W·m^－1·K^－1
Absorption cross-section@1570 nm, σ_ap1570	2.0×10^－25 m^－3^[17,28]	Emission cross-section@1570 nm，σ_ep1570	0.096×10^－25 m^－3^[28]
Absorption cross-section@1910 nm, σ_ap1910	0.21×10^－25 m^－3^[17,26,28]	Emission cross-section@1910 nm, σ_ep1910	4.97×10^－25 m^－3^[28]
Absorption cross-section@2010 nm, σ_ap2010	0.03×10^－25 m^－3^[28]	Emission cross-section@2010 nm, σ_ep2010	2.56×10^－25 m^－3^[7,28]
Doping concentration of LC TDF, N_LC	14.5×10²⁵ m^－3	Doping concentration of HC TDF, N_HC	28.5×10²⁵ m^－3
Thermo-optic coefficient of silica, k	1.2×10^－5 K^－1	Lifetime of ³F₄ energy level, τ	500 μs ^[17]

Table 2. Optimal gain fiber length and corresponding slope efficiency of different laser systems at 1 kW output

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Table 2. Optimal gain fiber length and corresponding slope efficiency of different laser systems at 1 kW output

Pump band	Laser configuration	Optimal TDF length /m	Slope efficiency /%	Quantum efficiency /%
793 nm	CP＋HC	5.0	64.0	162.2
793 nm	CP＋LC	11.0	54.4	137.9
1570 nm	CP＋HC	10.0	76.4	97.8
1570 nm	CP＋LC	17.8	75.2	96.3
1910 nm	CoP＋HC	2.6	94.3	99.2
	CoP＋LC	5.0	93.9	98.8
	PP＋HC	5.6	93.7	98.6
	PP＋LC	10.4	92.8	97.7

Table 3. Power characteristics of different laser systems at 1 kW output
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Table 3. Power characteristics of different laser systems at 1 kW output
Pump band Laser configuration Pump /W Absorbed pump /W Heat /W Ratio /%
793 nm CP＋LC 1810 1808 808 80.8
1570 nm CP＋LC 1335 1327 327 32.7
1910 nm CoP＋LC 1067 1066 66 6.6
PP＋LC 1081 1078 78 7.8

Table 4. Thermal characteristics of different laser systems at 1 kW output

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Table 4. Thermal characteristics of different laser systems at 1 kW output

Pump band	Laser configuration	Average heat load /(W·m^－1)	Maximum temperature /℃@H₁		Maximum temperature /℃@H₂
Pump band	Laser configuration	Average heat load /(W·m^－1)	Core	Outer cladding	Core	Outer cladding
793 nm	CP＋HC	104.3	407.7	323.1	220.2	135.6
793 nm	CP＋LC	69.3	227.6	182.0	126.5	80.9
1570 nm	CP＋HC	30.1	141.6	114.6	81.8	54.7
1570 nm	CP＋LC	17.8	83.2	68.8	51.4	37.0
1910 nm	CoP＋HC	22.1	103.8	84.9	62.1	43.3
	CoP＋LC	12.5	63.9	53.7	41.3	31.1
	PP＋HC	11.1	61.1	51.6	39.9	30.3
	PP＋LC	6.8	41.7	36.3	29.8	24.4

Table 5. Parameters used in the estimation of power limit factors

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Table 5. Parameters used in the estimation of power limit factors

Parameter	Value	Parameter	Value
Peak gain of SRS，g_R^*	0.5×10^－13 m/W ^[13]	Peak gain of SBS，g_B	1.2×10^－11 m/W ^[36]
Linewidth of SBS gain，Δν_B	10.0 MHz ^[12]	Laser linewidth，Δν	1.0 GHz
Melting temperature of the core，T_M	1709.9 ℃ ^[12]	Damage temperature of the outer cladding，T_m	105.0 ℃ ^[12]
Coolant temperature，T_c	16.9 ℃ ^[13]	Average heat load of TDFL at TMI threshold， ${\bar{Q}}_{TDFL}$	136.0 W/m ^[18]
Signal gain, G	10.0 ^[13]	Optical damage limit，I_OD	35.0 W/μm²^[14]

Table 6. Estimation of power limit for different laser systems at optimal gain fiber lengths

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Table 6. Estimation of power limit for different laser systems at optimal gain fiber lengths

Pump band	Laser configuration	SBS@1 GHz /kW	SRS /kW	TMI /kW	TL /kW	OCD /kW		OD /kW
Pump band	Laser configuration	SBS@1 GHz /kW	SRS /kW	TMI /kW	TL /kW	H₁	H₂	OD /kW
1570 nm	CP＋HC	14.7	41.7	4.4	165.0	2.4	6.3	12.7
1570 nm	CP＋LC	8.3	23.4	7.4	275.0	4.1	10.5	12.7
1910 nm	CoP＋HC	56.7	160.3	5.8	219.2	3.2	8.4	12.7
	CoP＋LC	29.5	83.3	10.5	392.2	5.8	15.0	12.7
	PP＋HC	26.3	74.4	11.3	389.0	6.3	16.2	12.7
	PP＋LC	14.2	40.1	18.2	626.1	10.1	26.1	12.7

Table 7. Maximum output powers for different pump configurations
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Table 7. Maximum output powers for different pump configurations
Pump configuration Maximum output powers /kW
H₁ H₂
1570 nm CP 2.9 5.9
1910 nm CoP 7.2 12.6
1910 nm PP 7.4 12.7

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Mengmeng Tao, Xisheng Ye, Jingfeng Ye, Ting Yu, Zhao Quan, Yunfeng Qi, Guobin Feng, Weibiao Chen. Modeling In-band Pumped kW Level High-Power Tm-Doped Fiber Lasers via Simulations[J]. Chinese Journal of Lasers, 2022, 49(1): 0101019

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Paper Information

Category: laser devices and laser physics

Received: Jul. 15, 2021

Accepted: Sep. 16, 2021

Published Online: Dec. 16, 2021

The Author Email: Mengmeng Tao (taomengmeng@nint.ac.cn), Xisheng Ye (xsye@siom.ac.cn)

DOI:10.3788/CJL202249.0101019

Topics

laser devices and laser physics

Lasers and Laser Optics

Laser physics

laser manufacturing

Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology

Table 1. Parameters used in the simulation

Table 1. Parameters used in the simulation

Table 2. Optimal gain fiber length and corresponding slope efficiency of different laser systems at 1 kW output

Table 2. Optimal gain fiber length and corresponding slope efficiency of different laser systems at 1 kW output

Table 3. Power characteristics of different laser systems at 1 kW output

Table 3. Power characteristics of different laser systems at 1 kW output

Table 4. Thermal characteristics of different laser systems at 1 kW output

Table 4. Thermal characteristics of different laser systems at 1 kW output

Table 5. Parameters used in the estimation of power limit factors

Table 5. Parameters used in the estimation of power limit factors

Table 6. Estimation of power limit for different laser systems at optimal gain fiber lengths

Table 6. Estimation of power limit for different laser systems at optimal gain fiber lengths

Table 7. Maximum output powers for different pump configurations

Table 7. Maximum output powers for different pump configurations