Fig. 1. On-board optical/electric hybrid switching architecture for satellites

Fig. 2. Software design scheme for multi-granularity electrical switching module based on spatial frames

Fig. 3. Channel alignment operation

Fig. 4. FEC/DeFEC operation

Fig. 5. Operating principle of all-optical switching module

Fig. 6. Software module for reconfigurable all-optical switching module

Fig. 7. Software architecture of control system for optical/electric hybrid switching payload

Fig. 8. Illustration of payload area filling

Fig. 9. Simulation results of reflected light under different input angles

Fig. 10. Simulated reflected spot patterns at input angles of ±1°, ±2.5°, and ±3°

Fig. 11. Optical path design simulation of a large-channel all-optical switching matrix

Fig. 12. Experimental platform. (a) Electrical switching board; (b) optical switching payload

Fig. 13. Illustration of performance test experiments. (a) Electric switching; (b) optical switching

Fig. 14. Computation process of traffic mapping