Fig. 1. Preparation processes of LCLA.(a) Spin-coating photoresist followed by mask exposure processing； (b) Photoresist strips array after developing； (c) Removal of a photoresist by lift-off process after spin-coating CYTOP layer to obtain hydrophilic-hydrophobic strips array； (d) Blade-coating NOA1625 glue to form lenticular lens array； (e)Cured lenticular lens array； (f)Assembled with ITO/PI_∥ substrate and filled with LC to obtain LCLA.

Fig. 2. Schematic diagram of the working principle of LCLA. (a) V=0，divergent lens effect； (b) V=V₁，without lens effect； (c) V=V₂，convergent lens effect.

Fig. 3. Hydrophilic-hydrophobic strip arrays modified substrate surface(a）‍，contact angles of NOA1625 glue on the surface of ITO glass (b) and CYTOP layer (c）.

Fig. 4. Polymeric lenticular lens array (a) and it’s focused bright line (b），and 3D surface profile (c），cross-section profile (d) of lenticular lens.

Fig. 5. Schematic diagram of experimental setup for testing focusing performance of LCLA. (a），(c) Polarization direction of incident light set parallel with rubbing direction； (c），(d) Incident light polarization direction perpendicular to the rubbing direction (P represents the direction of polarization，R represents the rubbing direction）.

Fig. 6. Simulation of the electric field distribution of the LC lenticular lens．(a) V=7 V_rms； (b) V=0.7 V_rms.

Fig. 7. Focusing effect of LCLA with divergent lens effect.(a) V=0； (b) V=0.2 V_rms； (c) V=0.4 V_rms； (d) V=0.7 V_rms； (e)Focal length varies with voltage.

Fig. 8. Focusing effect of LCLA with convergence lens effect.(a) V=1 V_rms； (b) V=3 V_rms； (c) V=5 V_rms； (d) V=7 V_rms；(e)Focal length varies with voltage.