Fiber-optics sensors offer advantages such as compact size, high flexibility, immunity to electromagnetic interference, lightweight, and suitability for remote signal transmission. These advantages make them well-suited for combining with excellent Surface-enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) technology to create fiber-optic SERS sensors, widely applied in label-free chemical and biological sensing fields. Compared to other optical sensing techniques, fiber-optic SERS sensors inherit all the advantages of traditional SERS technology while offering multiplexing capabilities and the ability to continuously and dynamically monitor in special environments. This review primarily covers the development of the structure of fiber-optic SERS sensors and their applications. First, it explores the development and necessity of fiber-optic SERS sensors. Second, it introduces common types of fiber-optic SERS sensors and their fabrication methods. Finally, it briefly outlines the extensive applications and prospects of fiber-optic SERS sensors in various fields.