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Acta Optica Sinica, Volume. 45, Issue 13, 1306014(2025)

Research Progress of High-Degree OXC Technologies (Invited)

Yongcheng Li1, Jiemin Lin2, Huichao Xu1, Shudan Han1, and Gangxiang Shen1、*
Author Affiliations
  • 1School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu , China
  • 2China Telecom Cloud Computing Corporation, Shanghai 201315, China
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    AbstractGet PDF(in Chinese)
    Figures&Tables (15)
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    References (69)
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    Figures & Tables(15)
    The growth of OXC node switching degree induced by various link capacity expansion technologies. (a) Multi-fiber; (b) multi-core fiber; (c) multi-band

    Fig. 1. The growth of OXC node switching degree induced by various link capacity expansion technologies. (a) Multi-fiber; (b) multi-core fiber; (c) multi-band

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    An example of a high-degree OXC node based on the sparse fiber interconnection scheme[36]

    Fig. 2. An example of a high-degree OXC node based on the sparse fiber interconnection scheme[36]

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    An example of a CpDC ROADM architecture[41]

    Fig. 3. An example of a CpDC ROADM architecture[41]

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    Sparse fiber interconnection architecture on the line side[42]

    Fig. 4. Sparse fiber interconnection architecture on the line side[42]

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    Sparse fiber interconnection architecture on the add/drop side[43]

    Fig. 5. Sparse fiber interconnection architecture on the add/drop side[43]

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    Modular OXC cascading architecture based on port bridging[44]

    Fig. 6. Modular OXC cascading architecture based on port bridging[44]

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    Hybrid modular OXC cascading architecture HWMC integrating MEMS and WSS[51]. (a) Architecture; (b) blocking probability performance evaluation

    Fig. 7. Hybrid modular OXC cascading architecture HWMC integrating MEMS and WSS[51]. (a) Architecture; (b) blocking probability performance evaluation

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    Modular OXC cascading architecture based on Spine-Leaf topology[55]

    Fig. 8. Modular OXC cascading architecture based on Spine-Leaf topology[55]

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    WSS-Clos OXC architecture[61]

    Fig. 9. WSS-Clos OXC architecture[61]

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    Wavelength-convertible WSS-Clos OXC architecture[61]

    Fig. 10. Wavelength-convertible WSS-Clos OXC architecture[61]

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    Impact of wavelength conversion capability on the performance of the WSS-Clos OXC architecture[61]

    Fig. 11. Impact of wavelength conversion capability on the performance of the WSS-Clos OXC architecture[61]

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    Low-cost WSS-Clos OXC architectures. (a) Replacing middle-stage WSS with AWGR; (b) replacing middle-stage WSS with direct fiber connections; (c) replacing middle-stage WSS with optical splitters; (d) replacing middle-stage WSS with large-scale MEMS optical switches

    Fig. 12. Low-cost WSS-Clos OXC architectures. (a) Replacing middle-stage WSS with AWGR; (b) replacing middle-stage WSS with direct fiber connections; (c) replacing middle-stage WSS with optical splitters; (d) replacing middle-stage WSS with large-scale MEMS optical switches

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    Multi-granularity OXC node architecture[65]

    Fig. 13. Multi-granularity OXC node architecture[65]

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    • Table 1. Performance comparison of three major WSS module fabrication technologies

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      Table 1. Performance comparison of three major WSS module fabrication technologies

      ParameterLCoSMEMSPLC
      Switching speed≥5 ms<500 µs~1 µs
      Insertion loss4.5 dB‒6 dB3 dB‒4 dB8 dB‒10 dB
      FlexibilityFlexible gridFixed gridFixed grid
      Port countHighMediumLow
      Scalability constraintsLiquid crystal pixel density and spatial resolutionManufacturing precision and optical alignmentComplexity of waveguide fabrication process

    • Table 2. Comparison of the elements and fibers between WSS-Clos OXC and conventional OXC

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      Table 2. Comparison of the elements and fibers between WSS-Clos OXC and conventional OXC

      OXCNumber of elementsNumber of fibers
      Conventional OXC2⋅N2N4-N3
      WSS-Clos OXC2⋅N+M2⋅N⋅M
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    Yongcheng Li, Jiemin Lin, Huichao Xu, Shudan Han, Gangxiang Shen. Research Progress of High-Degree OXC Technologies (Invited)[J]. Acta Optica Sinica, 2025, 45(13): 1306014

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    Paper Information

    Category: Fiber Optics and Optical Communications

    Received: Apr. 19, 2025

    Accepted: Jun. 26, 2025

    Published Online: Jul. 16, 2025

    The Author Email: Gangxiang Shen (shengx@suda.edu.cn)

    DOI:10.3788/AOS250961

    CSTR:32393.14.AOS250961

    Topics

    laser devices and laser physics
    Lasers and Laser Optics
    Laser physics
    laser manufacturing
    Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology