Using Zn(NO3)2·6H2O and C6H12N4 as raw materials, ZnO nanowire arrays with uniform morphology and size were synthesized by conventional two-step hydrothermal method on carbon fiber cloth. Their crystal structure and morphologies were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and their electrochemical performance was tested by constant current charge-discharge test. The results show that these materials have excellent electrochemical performance. After 150 cycles at the current density of 200 mA/g, the specific capacity of ZnO nanowire arrays is still about 730 mAh/g, and the Coulomb efficiency remains above 95%. At a high rate of 1 200 mA/g, the charge-discharge capacity of the products is still about 481 mAh/g, showing good cycle stability and reversibility. The ultrafine ZnO nanowire arrays are a promising anode material for lithium-ion batteries.