[4] SUN X J, HUANG D G. An explosive growth of wind power in China[J]. International Journal of Green Energy, 11, 849-860(2014).

[5] EIJKELHOF D, RAPP S, FASEL U et al. Reference design and simulation framework of a multi-megawatt airborne wind energy system[J]. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1618, 032020(2020).

[6] WU B G, ZHANG X M, CHEN J M et al. Design of high-efficient and universally applicable blades of tidal stream turbine[J]. Energy, 60, 187-194(2013).

[7] POURRAJABIAN A, DEHGHAN M, RAHGOZAR S. Genetic algorithms for the design and optimization of horizontal axis wind turbine (HAWT) blades: a continuous approach or a binary one?[J]. Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments, 44, 101022(2021).

[8] LEE S L, SHIN S J. Structural design optimization of a wind turbine blade using the genetic algorithm[J]. Engineering Optimization, 54, 2053-2070(2022).

[9] [9] GRASSO F. Hybrid optimization f wind turbine thick airfoils[C]53rd AIAAASMEEAHS Structures, Structural Dynamics Materials Conference. Honolulu: AIAA, 2013.

[11] CHERN M J, TEWOLDE D G, KAO C C et al. Vertical-axis wind turbine blade-shape optimization using a genetic algorithm and direct-forcing immersed boundary method[J]. Journal of Energy Engineering, 147, 04020091(2021).

[12] [12] YEO E J, KENNEDY D M, O''ROURKE F. Tidal current turbine blade optimisation using a combined geic algithmblade element momentum they model[C]The 33rd International Conference on Efficiency, Cost, Optimization, Simulation Environmental Impact of Energy Systems. Osaka, 2020.

[13] DE LANDA COUTO L, MOREIRA N E, DE OLIVEIRA SAITO J Y et al. Multi-objective structural optimization of a composite wind turbine blade considering natural frequencies of vibration and global stability[J]. Energies, 16, 3363(2023).

[14] PHOLDEE N, BUREERAT S, NUANTONG W. Kriging surrogate-based genetic algorithm optimization for blade design of a horizontal axis wind turbine[J]. Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, 126, 261-273(2021).

[16] PAYNE G S, STALLARD T, MARTINEZ R. Design and manufacture of a bed supported tidal turbine model for blade and shaft load measurement in turbulent flow and waves[J]. Renewable Energy, 107, 312-326(2017).

[18] [18] CEZE M, HAYASHI M, VOLPE E. A study of the CST parameterization acteristics[C]27th AIAA Applied Aerodynamics Conference. San Antonio: AIAA, 2009.

[19] [19] LANE K, MARSHALL D. Inverse airfoil design utilizing CST parameterization[C]48th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting Including the New Hizons Fum Aerospace Exposition. lo: AIAA, 2015.

[20] KAVIANI H R, MOSHFEGHI M. Multi-megawatt horizontal axis wind turbine blade optimization based on PSO method[J]. Aerospace, 10, 158(2023).

[21] WU X J, ZHANG W W, PENG X H et al. Benchmark aerodynamic shape optimization with the POD-based CST airfoil parametric method[J]. Aerospace Science and Technology, 84, 632-640(2019).

[22] LIM H W, KIM H. Multi-objective airfoil shape optimization using an adaptive hybrid evolutionary algorithm[J]. Aerospace Science and Technology, 87, 141-153(2019).