In recent years, research on high-energy, high-repetition-rate pulsed laser systems has made significant progress and demonstrated broad application potential. Focusing on the cooling mode of laser amplifiers, this study investigates key thermal management technologies for high-energy, high-repetition-rate pulsed laser amplifiers from three perspectives: the selection of gain medium, cooling mode, and cooling configuration. This study summarizes both domestic and international advancements in thermal management technologies, analyzes the main challenges in current thermal management practices, and forecasts the future development trends of these technologies.