Journal of Radiation Research and Radiation Processing, Volume. 43, Issue 4, 040601(2025)

Electromagnetic dosimetry research on the human body for 5G base station antennas

Zhiyuan LI and Mai LU*
Author Affiliations
  • Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and Intelligent Control, Ministry of Education, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China
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    Figures & Tables(21)
    Antenna cell model
    Antenna cell size and structure: (a) cell side view; (b) cell patch top view; (c) feed network top view
    1×8 antenna subarray model
    8×8 antenna array model
    Human body model: (a) front view; (b) side view; (c) top view; (d) three-layer spherical model
    Antenna cell S-parameter (color online)
    Normalized 2D radiation pattern in the horizontal and vertical planes (Unit dB) (color online)
    Antenna cell cross-polarization ratio parameter (color online)
    1×8 antenna subarray S-parameter (Unit dB) (color online)
    1×8 antenna subarray radiation pattern (Unit dB) (color online)
    4×8 antenna array S-parameter: (a) return loss; (b) inter-subarray cross-polarization isolation parameter; (c) inter-subarray co-polarization isolation parameter; (d) inter-subarray cross-polarization isolation parameter (color online)
    8×8 antenna subarray radiation pattern (Unit dB) (color online)
    8×8 antenna subarray cross-polarization ratio parameter curve (Unit dB) (color online)
    8×8 antenna array scanning angle range curves (color online)
    Radiation distribution of the human body at a horizontal spacing of 6 m: SAR (left) and electric field strength (right) (color online)
    Radiation distribution of the human body at a horizontal spacing of 15 m: SAR (left) and electric field strength (right)(color online)
    Radiation distribution of the human body at a horizontal spacing of 7 m: SAR (left) and electric field strength (right) (color online)
    Radiation distribution of the human body at a horizontal spacing of 11 m: SAR (left) and electric field strength (right) (color online)
    • Table 1. Public electromagnetic exposure limits of 3.5 GHz time-varying electromagnetic fields

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      Table 1. Public electromagnetic exposure limits of 3.5 GHz time-varying electromagnetic fields

      组织

      Tissue

      相对介电常数

      Relative permittivity

      电导率 /(S·m-1

      Conductivity

      人体组织密度 / (kg·m-3)

      Human tissue density

      头皮 Scalp37.02.021 109
      颅骨 Skull10.80.611 908
      大脑 Brain43.12.221 031
      躯干 Body38.92.191 289
    • Table 2. In the main radiation directionSAR and Sinc of human comparison with ICNIRP guideline limitations

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      Table 2. In the main radiation directionSAR and Sinc of human comparison with ICNIRP guideline limitations

      坐标位置 / m

      Coordinate position

      躯干SAR /(W·kg-1

      Body SAR

      头部SAR /(W·kg-1

      Head SAR

      E /(V·m-1Sinc /(W·m-2
      (0, 6, -20)0.0150.0211.640.01
      (0, 15, -20)4.03×10-51.27×10-41.32×10-14.62×10-5
      ICNIRP限值 ICNIRP limit22Na10
    • Table 3. In the edge radiation directionSAR and Sinc of human comparison with ICNIRP guideline limitations

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      Table 3. In the edge radiation directionSAR and Sinc of human comparison with ICNIRP guideline limitations

      坐标位置 / m

      Coordinate position

      躯干SAR /(W·kg-1

      Body SAR

      头部SAR /(W·kg-1

      Head SAR

      E /(V·m-1Sinc /(W·m-2
      (4.0150, -5.7341, -20)2.24×10-50.0055.98×10-19.49×10-4
      (6.3093, -9.0107, -20)5.31×10-92.68×10-75.99×10-39.52×10-8
      ICNIRP限值 ICNIRP limit22Na10
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    Zhiyuan LI, Mai LU. Electromagnetic dosimetry research on the human body for 5G base station antennas[J]. Journal of Radiation Research and Radiation Processing, 2025, 43(4): 040601

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    Paper Information

    Category: RADIATION PROTECTION

    Received: Feb. 19, 2025

    Accepted: Apr. 8, 2025

    Published Online: Sep. 26, 2025

    The Author Email: Mai LU (逯迈)

    DOI:10.11889/j.1000-3436.2025-0015

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