Effect of <i>y</i>-direction Overlap Rate on Laser Cleaning of Composite Paint Layer on Aluminum Alloy Surface

Tiangang Zhang; Junjie Duan; Tianxiang Liu; Xiaoyun Hou; Zhiqiang Zhang

doi:10.3788/CJL221339

Chinese Journal of Lasers, Volume. 50, Issue 16, 1602204(2023)

Effect of y-direction Overlap Rate on Laser Cleaning of Composite Paint Layer on Aluminum Alloy Surface

Tiangang Zhang, Junjie Duan, Tianxiang Liu, Xiaoyun Hou, and Zhiqiang Zhang^*

Author Affiliations

School of Aviation Engineering, China Civil Aviation University, Tianjin 300300, China

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Abstract Get PDF(in Chinese)

Figures & Tables(20)

Fig. 1. EDS test results for paint layer systems. (a) Oxide film; (b) primer; (c) topcoat

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Fig. 2. Cross-section OM morphology of composite paint layer system and SEM morphology of oxide film surface. (a) Cross-section OM morphology of composite paint layer system; (b) SEM morphology of surface of oxide film

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Fig. 3. Schematic of laser scanning path

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Fig. 4. OM morphologies of surface and cross section after paint removal under different η_y. (a)(b) η_y=0%; (c)(d) η_y=20%; (e)(f) η_y=40%; (g)(h) η_y=60%

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Fig. 5. Change in y-direction overlap area. (a) η_y=0%; (b) η_y=20%

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Fig. 6. Macro-microscopic topographies of surfaces after paint removal under different η_y. (a)(b) η_y=0%; (c)(d) η_y=20%; (e)(f) η_y=40%; (g)(h) η_y=60%

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Fig. 7. Composition structure diagram of surface of ablation pit

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Fig. 8. Surface infrared spectroscopy analysis before paint removal and after paint removal under different η_y

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Fig. 9. Surface XPS analysis results before paint removal and after paint removal under different η_y

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Fig. 10. C element XPS binding energy spectra. (a) Before paint removal; (b) after paint removal when η_y=20%

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Fig. 11. O element XPS binding energy spectra. (a) Before paint removal; (b) after paint removal when η_y=20%

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Table 1. Chemical compositions of 2A12 aluminum alloy
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Table 1. Chemical compositions of 2A12 aluminum alloy
Element Si Fe Cu Mn Mg Cr Zn Ti Al
Mass fraction /% 0.06 0.18 4.73 0.63 1.65 0.02 0.22 0.04 Bal.

Table 2. EDS compositions of topcoat, primer, and oxide film (atomic fraction, %)
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Table 2. EDS compositions of topcoat, primer, and oxide film (atomic fraction, %)
Sample C O Ti Si Mg Ba Pt Al S
Topcoat 79.01 19.00 0.13 0.63 0.38 0.35 0.50 - -
Primer 79.14 19.05 0.45 0.29 0.35 0.08 0.64 - -
Anodic oxide film 4.73 61.70 - - - - - 30.22 3.35

Table 3. Main components and related parameters of composite paint layer

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Table 3. Main components and related parameters of composite paint layer

Sample	Base 1	Base 2	Functional oxide particle	Color	Film thickness
Topcoat	Hydroxy acrylate resins	Hexamethylene diisocyanate diurea	MgO，SiO₂，TiO₂，BaSO₄，etc.	Navy blue（β-type copper phthalocyanine）	65 µm
Primer	Polyacrylate resins	Polyisocyanate	MgO，SiO₂，TiO₂，BaSO₄，etc.	Milky yellow（ZnCrO₄）	55 µm

Table 4. Experimental parameters

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Table 4. Experimental parameters

Parameter	Value
Power（P）	30 W
Pulse width	200 ns
Frequency（f）	30 kHz
Spot diameter（D）	30 μm
Scanning speed（V）	720 mm·s^-1
x-direction overlap rate（η_x）	20%
y-direction overlap rate（η_y）	0%，20%，40%，60%

Table 5. Experimental equipments and test contents

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Table 5. Experimental equipments and test contents

Equipment	Detect content
OM	Macro-morphologies of surface and cross section before and after laser cleaning
SEM	Surface microstructure characteristics after laser cleaning
EDS	Compositions of surface elements before and after laser cleaning
FT-IR	Changes in polymer functional groups before and after laser cleaning
XPS	Changes in surface compositions and contents before and after laser cleaning

Table 6. EDS test results for cleaned surfaces after paint removal under different η_y

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Table 6. EDS test results for cleaned surfaces after paint removal under different η_y

Point No.	Atomic fraction /%
Point No.	C	O	Mg	Si	Ti	Ba	Pt	S	Al	Cu	Mn
A1	65.29	28.8	1.11	1.32	1.19	1.57	0.72	-	-	-	-
A2	79.27	18.90	0.20	0.52	0.34	0.13	0.64	-	-	-	-
B1	29.90	40.02	1.82	1.84	1.26	1.70	0.59	2.00	20.87	-	-
B2	50.46	30.37	1.79	1.83	1.57	1.89	0.73	0.59	10.77	-	-
B3	70.82	24.57	0.99	1.01	0.97	1.03	0.61	-	-	-	-
C1	17.07	11.73	1.87	3.43	2.43	1.45	0.74	0.34	58.90	1.74	0.30
C2	37.46	38.43	1.70	2.36	2.07	0.95	0.82	0.63	15.58	-	-
D1	13.34	5.73	1.16	0.36	0.43	0.41	0.65	0.09	74.40	2.97	0.46

Table 7. Surface infrared spectroscopy analysis results before paint removal and after paint removal under different η_y

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Table 7. Surface infrared spectroscopy analysis results before paint removal and after paint removal under different η_y

Wave number /cm^-1	Band assignment	Chemical compound
3362	OH	Acrylates
2925	CH2	Isocyanate
2855	CH2	Isocyanate
1725	CO	Acrylates
1449	CH2	Acrylates
1163	C—O—C	Acrylates
1118	C—N	Isocyanate，associated urethane
1066	C—OH	Acrylates
1017	C—O—C	Acrylates
876	C—H	Xylene（solvent）
756	N—H	Associated urethane
701	C—H	Xylene（solvent）

Table 8. XPS C 1s peak decomposing results and relative contents before paint removal and after paint removal when η_y=20%

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Table 8. XPS C 1s peak decomposing results and relative contents before paint removal and after paint removal when η_y=20%

Condition	Binding energy /eV	Composition	Spectral peak area ratio /%
Before paint removal	283.83	C—H，C—C	8.73
	284.48	—CH2—，C—C，C6H6	26.12
	285.00	（—CH2C（CH3）（C（O）OH）—）n，（—CH2C（CH3）（C（O）OCH3）—）n（—CH2C（CH3）（C（O）OCH2CH2OH）—）n	28.94
	285.35	（—CH2C（CH3）（C（O）OCH3）—）n	30.58
	288.38	O—CO，OC—N，C—N	5.63
After paint removal when ηy=20%	284.38	i-CH3，C—H，—CH2—	22.74
	284.81	C graphite，C，C—C，C—H，（—CH2C（CH3）（C（O）OH）—）n（—CH2C（CH3）（C（O）OCH3）—）n（—CH2CH（C（O）OCH3）—）n	40.57
	286.25	（—CH2CH（C（O）OCH2CH3）—）n（—CH2CH（C（O）OCH3）—）n（—CH2C（CH3）（C（O）OCH2CH3）—）n	25.43
	288.51	（—CH2C（CH3）（C（O）OCH2CH3）—）n（—CH2C（CH3）（C（O）OC（CH3）3—）n	11.26

Table 9. XPS O 1s peak decomposing results and relative contents before paint removal and after paint removal when η_y=20%

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Table 9. XPS O 1s peak decomposing results and relative contents before paint removal and after paint removal when η_y=20%

Condition	Binding energy /eV	Composition	Spectral peak area ratio /%
Before paint removal	529.61	TiO2，MgO	4.73
	530.31	TiO2，MgO，SiO2	7.98
	531.19	MgO，TiO2，SiO2	7.02
	531.71	（—CH2C（CH3）（C（O）OCH3）—）n，C—O，—OH，BaSO4	33.70
	532.38	（—CH2C（CH3）（C（O）OCH3）—）n（—CH2C（CH3）（C（O）OCH2CH2OH）—）n（—CH2C（CH3）（C（O）OH）—）n	25.95
	533.58	—CO，—COOC—，SiO2	19.20
	535.74	—CO	1.42
After paint removal when ηy=20%	530.24	TiO2，MgO，SiO2，Al2O3	21.05
	531.47	TiO1.65，Al2O3，SiO2（Al2O3）0.22，C—O，—OH，TiOaSb（—CH2C（CH3）（C（O）OCH3）—）n（—CH2C（CH3）（C（O）OCH2CH（CH3）2）—）n	42.15
	532.39	SiO2/Si，SiO2，SiO2（Al2O3）2.1，BaSO4，SiO2（Al2O3）0.55（—CH2CH（C（O）OCH3）—）n，（—CH2CH（C（O）OH）—）n（—CH2C（CH3）（C（O）OH）—）n	21.06
	533.35	（—CH2CH（C（O）OCH2CH3）—）n（—CH2C（CH3）（C（O）OCH2CH3）—）n（—CH2C（CH3）（C（O）OCH2CH2OH）—）n	15.75

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Tiangang Zhang, Junjie Duan, Tianxiang Liu, Xiaoyun Hou, Zhiqiang Zhang. Effect of y-direction Overlap Rate on Laser Cleaning of Composite Paint Layer on Aluminum Alloy Surface[J]. Chinese Journal of Lasers, 2023, 50(16): 1602204

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Paper Information

Category: Laser Surface Machining

Received: Oct. 19, 2022

Accepted: Dec. 12, 2022

Published Online: Jul. 11, 2023

The Author Email: Zhang Zhiqiang (zqzhang@cauc.edu.com)

DOI:10.3788/CJL221339

Topics

laser devices and laser physics

Lasers and Laser Optics

Laser physics

laser manufacturing

Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology

Table 1. Chemical compositions of 2A12 aluminum alloy

Table 1. Chemical compositions of 2A12 aluminum alloy

Table 2. EDS compositions of topcoat, primer, and oxide film (atomic fraction, %)

Table 2. EDS compositions of topcoat, primer, and oxide film (atomic fraction, %)

Table 3. Main components and related parameters of composite paint layer

Table 3. Main components and related parameters of composite paint layer

Table 4. Experimental parameters

Table 4. Experimental parameters

Table 5. Experimental equipments and test contents

Table 5. Experimental equipments and test contents

Table 6. EDS test results for cleaned surfaces after paint removal under different ηy

Table 6. EDS test results for cleaned surfaces after paint removal under different ηy

Table 7. Surface infrared spectroscopy analysis results before paint removal and after paint removal under different ηy

Table 7. Surface infrared spectroscopy analysis results before paint removal and after paint removal under different ηy

Table 8. XPS C 1s peak decomposing results and relative contents before paint removal and after paint removal when ηy=20%

Table 8. XPS C 1s peak decomposing results and relative contents before paint removal and after paint removal when ηy=20%

Table 9. XPS O 1s peak decomposing results and relative contents before paint removal and after paint removal when ηy=20%

Table 9. XPS O 1s peak decomposing results and relative contents before paint removal and after paint removal when ηy=20%

Table 6. EDS test results for cleaned surfaces after paint removal under different η_y

Table 6. EDS test results for cleaned surfaces after paint removal under different η_y

Table 7. Surface infrared spectroscopy analysis results before paint removal and after paint removal under different η_y

Table 7. Surface infrared spectroscopy analysis results before paint removal and after paint removal under different η_y

Table 8. XPS C 1s peak decomposing results and relative contents before paint removal and after paint removal when η_y=20%

Table 8. XPS C 1s peak decomposing results and relative contents before paint removal and after paint removal when η_y=20%

Table 9. XPS O 1s peak decomposing results and relative contents before paint removal and after paint removal when η_y=20%

Table 9. XPS O 1s peak decomposing results and relative contents before paint removal and after paint removal when η_y=20%