Performance Analysis of Near-Earth Asteroid Infrared Monitoring System Based on Earth-Leading Orbit (Invited)

Jiening Zhao; Mingtao Li; Xintao Wang

doi:10.3788/AOS251203

Acta Optica Sinica, Volume. 45, Issue 18, 1828008(2025)

Performance Analysis of Near-Earth Asteroid Infrared Monitoring System Based on Earth-Leading Orbit (Invited)

Jiening Zhao^1,2, Mingtao Li^1,2、*, and Xintao Wang³

¹Key Laboratory of Electronics and Information Technology for Space System, National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China

²University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

³DFH Satellite Co., Ltd., Beijing 100094, China

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Figures & Tables(15)

Fig. 1. Cross-sectional views of guard zones for Earth-leading orbit telescope. (a) 45° guard zone; (b) 90° guard zone; (c) 180° guard zone

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Fig. 2. Sky scanning strategy of Earth-leading orbit telescope

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Fig. 3. Cross-sectional views of guard zones for Sun‒Earth L1 point orbit telescope

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Fig. 4. Sky scanning strategy of Sun-Earth L1 point orbit telescope

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Fig. 5. Cross-sectional views of guard zones for Earth-leading and Earth-trailing orbit telescopes. (a) 45° guard zone; (b) 90° guard zone

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Fig. 6. Number of NEAs (N_NEA) across different diameter ranges

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Fig. 7. Reflected and thermal emission flux of asteroid across different wavelengths

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Fig. 8. Reflected and thermal emission flux of asteroid across different albedos

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Fig. 9. Minimum detectable diameters of asteroids at different positions for infrared telescope in Earth-leading orbit under different sensitivity levels. (a) 150 μJy; (b) 1000 μJy

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Fig. 10. Minimum detectable diameters of asteroids at different positions for visible-light telescope in Earth-leading orbit under different limiting apparent magnitude. (a) 24 mag; (b) 22 mag

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Fig. 11. Cumulative catalog completeness over time for NEAs with diameter not less than 50 m under different telescope systems

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Table 1. Main parameters of telescope^[24]
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Table 1. Main parameters of telescope^[24]
Parameter Value
Telescope aperture /m 0.5
Wavelength /μm 6‒10
Dark current /electron 200
Read noise 30
Emissivity ε 0.9
Quantum efficiency /% 70
Point source sensitivity （5-σ）/ μJy 150

Table 2. Monitoring and warning performance of Earth-leading orbit and Sun-Earth L1 point orbit telescope systems

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Table 2. Monitoring and warning performance of Earth-leading orbit and Sun-Earth L1 point orbit telescope systems

Indicator	EL 1	EL 2	EL 3	L1
Viewing zone （Earth longitude/solar longitude）	-45°‒ $0 °$	±45°	±45° & ±（135°‒180°）	±（45°‒135°）
Viewing zone （ecliptic latitude）	±45°	±45°	±45°	±45°
Point source sensitivity （5-σ） /μJy	150	150	150	150
Finding effect	29.67%	37.97%	41.58%	54.73%
Warning effect	55.81%	70.23%	64.23%	67.32%
Warning effect （from Sun direction）	86.88%	75.83%	67.02%	72.93%

Table 3. Monitoring and warning performance of two-telescope system based on Earth-leading and Sun-Earth L1 point orbits
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Table 3. Monitoring and warning performance of two-telescope system based on Earth-leading and Sun-Earth L1 point orbits
Indicator EL 1+L1 EL 2+L1 EL 3+L1 L1
Finding effect 56.13% 56.53% 56.60% 54.73%
Warning effect 77.28% 84.10% 78.71% 67.32%
Warning effect （from Sun direction） 91.02% 86.52% 81.32% 72.93%

Table 4. Monitoring and warning performance of two-telescope system based on Earth-leading and Earth-trailing orbits

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Table 4. Monitoring and warning performance of two-telescope system based on Earth-leading and Earth-trailing orbits

Indicator	EL 1	EL 1+ET	EL 2+ET	L1
Viewing zone （Earth longitude/solar longitude）	-45°‒0°	-45°‒0°	±45°	±（45°‒135°）
Viewing zone （ecliptic latitude）	±45°	±45°	±45°	±45°
Point source sensitivity （5-σ）/ μJy	150	150	150	150
Finding effect	29.67%	43.56%	52.77%	54.73%
Warning effect	55.81%	70.11%	90.93%	67.32%
Warning effect （from Sun direction）	86.88%	92.08%	91.50%	72.93%

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Jiening Zhao, Mingtao Li, Xintao Wang. Performance Analysis of Near-Earth Asteroid Infrared Monitoring System Based on Earth-Leading Orbit (Invited)[J]. Acta Optica Sinica, 2025, 45(18): 1828008

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Paper Information

Category: Remote Sensing and Sensors

Received: Jun. 3, 2025

Accepted: Jul. 29, 2025

Published Online: Sep. 19, 2025

The Author Email: Mingtao Li (limingtao@nssc.ac.cn)

DOI:10.3788/AOS251203

CSTR:32393.14.AOS251203

Topics

laser devices and laser physics

Lasers and Laser Optics

Laser physics

laser manufacturing

Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology

Table 1. Main parameters of telescope[24]

Table 1. Main parameters of telescope[24]

Table 2. Monitoring and warning performance of Earth-leading orbit and Sun-Earth L1 point orbit telescope systems

Table 2. Monitoring and warning performance of Earth-leading orbit and Sun-Earth L1 point orbit telescope systems

Table 3. Monitoring and warning performance of two-telescope system based on Earth-leading and Sun-Earth L1 point orbits

Table 3. Monitoring and warning performance of two-telescope system based on Earth-leading and Sun-Earth L1 point orbits

Table 4. Monitoring and warning performance of two-telescope system based on Earth-leading and Earth-trailing orbits

Table 4. Monitoring and warning performance of two-telescope system based on Earth-leading and Earth-trailing orbits

Table 1. Main parameters of telescope^[24]

Table 1. Main parameters of telescope^[24]