Fig. 1. Schematic of effective light energy transfer

Fig. 2. Simulation and analysis of single light source system. (a) Schematic of simulation of single light source projection system; (b) spot distribution diagram of 900 mm projection lens on target surface with working distance of 900 mm; (c) simulated irradiance profile distribution in horizontal and vertical directions of spot center

Fig. 3. Performance results of single light source system (optical power is 1 W, wavelength is 555 nm) in uniform light region on target surface at different working distances. (a) Effective light energy transfer efficiency; (b) uniform light area and average irradiance

Fig. 4. Non-uniformity and average irradiance of 555 nm single light source in uniform region at different structural layers

Fig. 5. Tracking results of three-layer multi-light source solar simulator. (a) Schematic of optical simulation of light source structure and system; (b) irradiance distribution of target surface at working distance of 900 mm; (c) intensity distribution of target surface at working distance of 900 mm; (d) intensity distribution of target surface, with different curves representing different azimuth angles

Fig. 6. Normalized spectra of LED chips

Fig. 7. Fitting results of solar spectra. (a) Spectral fitting results between 350 nm and 1000 nm; (b) spectral fitting results between 400 nm and 1100 nm

Fig. 8. Structure diagram of solar simulator. (a) Light source box model; (b) physical solar simulator; (c) experimental equipment

Fig. 9. Test structure of solar simulator. (a) Output light spot, where pentacle represents position of spectral measuring point; (b) spectral matching of different measuring points in Fig. (a)

Fig. 10. Actual spot of light on target surface. (a) Light spot with peak wavelength of 464 nm (spot notch in upper left corner is from lead solder spot of LED chip); (b) irradiance detection process of simulated solar spot (target surface is on probe plane)

Fig. 11. Normalized irradiance measured on target surface

Fig. 12. Temporal instability of irradiance